Reality and A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings :: Very Old Man with Enormous Wings Essays

Reality and A Very Old homo with Enormous locomote Literally, A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings is a story about a Colombian family visited by a mysterious existence with wings. The t takespeople pay to visit this spell who is encaged in a chicken coop. Once the townsfolk loose interest, the chicken coop collapses and the man flies away. A closer reading of the text reveals underlying themes. The supernatural universe is a representation of the unknown. He stands out from the rest of civilization. Society likes to entail of itself as being open-minded. The people in the story did not want to retrieve that the man was an angel because then they would have to reconsider everything they believe in. Angels ar commonly conceit of to be elegant, beautiful creatures usually wearing white with a spiritual presence, not disease infested beings who wallow in their own filth. This emblem makes you question your own perception of what angels look like. We do not know for sure that a ll angles are not old men with few odontiasis who reek of squalor. We do not have any tried and true methods of determining the validity of an angel. The priest tested the man by speaking to him in Latin, the language of God, and by looking for a navel or a miracle. Even though the angel did not pass any of the tests, the people in the story believe that the old man must be a celestial being because there are no other feasible possibilities to his identity. The actor stresses the fact that earth thought this man with wings was an odd creature that should be on display for the world to see and abuse like a caged animal. Human ignorance causes barbarous behavior. Many people would be reluctant to place a being that fit into our definition of an angel into a chicken coop. If this in all actuality had been a real angel, then the townsfolk approached the situation inappropriately. Another important point that this story addresses is how we treat other people, especially those who ar e polar from us. This demonstrates just how unspiritual and cruel some people can be. When the old man was first seen, Peyalo ran away from the man, leaving him lying in the mud kind of of helping him. non a one cared where he came from or why he was there for any other reason than to acquire money discharge of him.Reality and A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings Very Old Man with Enormous Wings Essays Reality and A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings Literally, A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings is a story about a Colombian family visited by a mysterious man with wings. The townspeople pay to visit this man who is encaged in a chicken coop. Once the townsfolk loose interest, the chicken coop collapses and the man flies away. A closer reading of the text reveals underlying themes. The supernatural being is a representation of the unknown. He stands out from the rest of civilization. Society likes to think of itself as being open-minded. The people in the story did not want to bel ieve that the man was an angel because then they would have to reconsider everything they believe in. Angels are commonly thought of to be elegant, beautiful creatures usually wearing white with a spiritual presence, not disease infested beings who wallow in their own filth. This allegory makes you question your own perception of what angels look like. We do not know for sure that all angles are not old men with few teeth who reek of squalor. We do not have any tried and true methods of determining the validity of an angel. The priest tested the man by speaking to him in Latin, the language of God, and by looking for a navel or a miracle. Even though the angel did not pass any of the tests, the people in the story believe that the old man must be a celestial being because there are no other feasible possibilities to his identity. The author stresses the fact that humans thought this man with wings was an odd creature that should be on display for the world to see and abuse like a c aged animal. Human ignorance causes uncivilized behavior. Many people would be reluctant to place a being that fit into our definition of an angel into a chicken coop. If this in all actuality had been a real angel, then the townsfolk approached the situation inappropriately. Another important point that this story addresses is how we treat other people, especially those who are different from us. This demonstrates just how ignorant and cruel some people can be. When the old man was first seen, Peyalo ran away from the man, leaving him lying in the mud instead of helping him. Not a one cared where he came from or why he was there for any other reason than to acquire money off of him.

tsar :: essays research papers fc

Death and the afterlife in ancient EgyptDeath and the afterlife in ancient Egypt was considered to be one of the most important things to them at the judgment of conviction they had different methods of burial before mummification one of them was the sand in the blistering heat of the retire from but after they started to believe that the clay must stay in tact this what will be discussing in this essay. What Is Mummification? Mummification is the preservation of a body, either animal or human. Some mummies are preserved wet, some are frozen, and some are dried. It can be a natural adjoin or it may be deliberately achieved. The Egyptian mummies were deliberately made by drying the body. By eliminating the moisture in the body, you have eliminated the source of decay. They dried the body by using a salt mixture called natron. Natron is a natural substance that is found in abundance along the Nile River. Natron is made up of 4 salts sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium ch loride, and sodium sulfate. The sodium carbonate works as a drying agent, drawing the water out of the body. At the same time the bicarbonate, when subjected to moisture, increases the pH that creates a hostile environment for bacteria. The Egyptian climate lent itself well to the mummification process, being both very hot and dry. Why Did The past Egyptians Mummify Their Dead?The Egyptians believed that there were six important aspects that made up a human being the physical body, shadow, name, ka (spirit), ba (personality), and the akh (immortality). Each one of these elements vie an important role in the well being of an individual. Each was necessary to achieve rebirth into the afterlife.With the exception of the akh, all these elements join a person at birth. A persons shadow was always present. A person could not exist with out a shadow, nor the shadow without the person. The shadow was represented as a olive-sized human figure painted completely black.A persons name was gi ven to them at birth and would live for as long as that name was spoken. This is wherefore efforts were made to protect the name. A cartouche (magical rope) was used to surround the name and protect it for eternity.The ka was a persons double. It is what we would call a spirit or a soul. The ka was created at the same time as the physical body.

The Great War :: essays research papers

America Enters the ample War. World War I (1914-18), as well as known as the Great War, was a military conflict mainly in Europe, among most of the worlds greatest powers. The associate consisted of France, Britain, Russia, and America who fought against the Central powers of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey. The main causes of the Great War were imperialist, territory, and economic rivalries of the two sides. The German Empire was determined to establish itself as the preeminent power of Europe. The Germans were also intent on challenging the naval superiority of Britain. The rampant nationalism especially evident in the Austro-Hungarian empire that combust the immediate cause of hostilities. Archduke Francis Ferninand on June 28, 1914, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, was assassinated at Sarajevo by a Serbian nationalist. The following month, after its humiliating demands were turned down, Austria-Hungary declared warfare on Serbia. Other settlement of war followe d quickly as every major power in Europe was in the war. On the Western Front, the Germans rampaged through with(predicate) Belgium, and proceeded onto Paris before pass on to the English Channel. After the battles of Marne and Ypres, the Germans became stalled. Grueling trench warfare and the use of chemical warfare began all along the front, and for the next trine years the battle lines remained around stationary despite huge casualties at Verdun and it the Somme offensive during 1916. On the Eastern Front, the Central Powers were successful. The Germans defeated the Russians (Aug.-Sept. 1914) at battle of Tannenberg and the Masurian Lakes. Serbian and Montenegro fell by the end of 1915. In the south, the Italian campaigns were inconclusive, through they benefited the Allied cause by keeping large numbers of Austrian phalanx tied down there. In Turkey, the Allies ambitious Gallipolli Campaign (1915), an attempt to force Turkey out of the war, was a costly failure. In the Midd le East, T.E. Lawrence stirred Arab rising against Turkey. America neutrality had been threaten since 1915, when the British ship Lusitania was sunk. By 1917 unrestricted German submarine warfare had caused the U.S. to enter the war on the side of the Allies. An American Expeditionary Force, commanded by customary Pershing, landed in France and saw its first action at Chateau-Thierry (June 1917). In Marne (1918), the new Soviet government signed the treaty of Brest-Litovsk with the Central Powers. The Germans were stopped provided short of Paris in the second battle of the Marne, and an allied counteroffensive was successful.The Great War essays research papers America Enters the Great War. World War I (1914-18), also known as the Great War, was a military conflict mainly in Europe, among most of the worlds greatest powers. The Allies consisted of France, Britain, Russia, and America who fought against the Central powers of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey. The main cause s of the Great War were imperialist, territory, and economic rivalries of the two sides. The German Empire was determined to establish itself as the preeminent power of Europe. The Germans were also intent on challenging the naval superiority of Britain. The rampant nationalism especially evident in the Austro-Hungarian empire that ignited the immediate cause of hostilities. Archduke Francis Ferninand on June 28, 1914, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, was assassinated at Sarajevo by a Serbian nationalist. The following month, after its humiliating demands were turned down, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Other declaration of war followed quickly as every major power in Europe was in the war. On the Western Front, the Germans rampaged through Belgium, and proceeded onto Paris before advancing to the English Channel. After the battles of Marne and Ypres, the Germans became stalled. Grueling trench warfare and the use of chemical warfare began all along the front, and f or the next three years the battle lines remained virtually stationary despite huge casualties at Verdun and it the Somme offensive during 1916. On the Eastern Front, the Central Powers were successful. The Germans defeated the Russians (Aug.-Sept. 1914) at Tannenberg and the Masurian Lakes. Serbian and Montenegro fell by the end of 1915. In the south, the Italian campaigns were inconclusive, through they benefited the Allied cause by keeping large numbers of Austrian troops tied down there. In Turkey, the Allies ambitious Gallipolli Campaign (1915), an attempt to force Turkey out of the war, was a costly failure. In the Middle East, T.E. Lawrence stirred Arab revolt against Turkey. America neutrality had been threatened since 1915, when the British ship Lusitania was sunk. By 1917 unrestricted German submarine warfare had caused the U.S. to enter the war on the side of the Allies. An American Expeditionary Force, commanded by General Pershing, landed in France and saw its first act ion at Chateau-Thierry (June 1917). In Marne (1918), the new Soviet government signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with the Central Powers. The Germans were stopped just short of Paris in the second battle of the Marne, and an allied counteroffensive was successful.

The Swirls Of Emotions :: essays research papers

Emotions stack be classified, according to your personal experience, into three different categories happiness, grief, and anger. First of all, there is happiness. Happiness has no limits, for it can be felt at any metre, any place and to any person. It cannot be hunted for it is not obvious, but inscrutable. Happiness is realized by instinct ones self, which is comp permitely a personal experience. For instance, a person may find happiness in one thing, whereas someone else may in another. Happiness is what we let it be, and hitherto though carry the abilty to let ourselves be happy, we rarely do. The second catagory that emotions can be fall into is sadness. Why is the quest for happiness left us more vulnerable and sad? Are we a society of people who are all looking for happiness and disappinted with what we find? In most cases, sadness leaves us in a state of depression and unstableness. When you become sad you feel as though you hate life at the put in time and in most in stances you cry, become depressed and feel like your sadness will be everlasting. If we were always happy and never expressed our sadness, it would eventually material body up and one day we would just explode, and mabye go into a form of deep depression. The last but not least of the catagories of emotion is anger. Quick to rise, and even quicker to lash out, the simple emotion of anger has the power to destroy and create. Anger is not always a bad emotion. Without anger lives would be lost, dictatorship would go unopposed, and inhumanities would be quietly accepted. Anger, the most powerful and feared emotion of the souls repertoire, destroys and created in the same breath. Moving from one person to the next anger is an every present force in

Movie review Saw III Essay -- essays research papers

One of the best standoff series recent is the Saw Franchise. Saw III is 2006s superlative villainy film and the best in the Saw trilogy. Everyone in Saw III deserves an eminent collaborative achievement award, the actors Tobin Bell, Shawnee Smith, Bahar Soomekh, and Angus Macfadyen. The director, Darren Lynn Bousman, and producers Mark Burg and Oren Koules, made the Saw franchise magnificent. Darren Lynn Bousman is the first horror director to ever have his first two major Hollywood films open up at number one, which was Saw II and Saw III. He is one of the most successful horror directors of all time. He is coming back to direct Saw IV.All the actors did an astonishing job. Tobin Bell has a cheating(a) attitude that is right for this character Jigsaw, a creepy serial killer who plays with his victims lives. Shawnee Smith?s performance was unpredictable, it kept you on the edge of your seat. A office staff women rarely have the opportunity to play. She plays an insecure, emotiona l woman with a self-destructive personality. Angus MacFadyen is a phenomenal underrated actor who has yet had...

Movie review Saw III Essay -- essays research papers

One of the best horror series recent is the Saw Franchise. Saw III is 2006s superlative horror film and the best in the Saw trilogy. Everyone in Saw III deserves an eminent collaborative achievement award, the actors Tobin Bell, Shawnee Smith, Bahar Soomekh, and Angus Macfadyen. The director, Darren Lynn Bousman, and producers Mark Burg and Oren Koules, made the Saw franchise magnificent. Darren Lynn Bousman is the first horror director to ever bewilder his first two major Hollywood films open up at number one, which was Saw II and Saw III. He is one of the most in(predicate) horror directors of all time. He is coming back to direct Saw IV.All the actors did an astonishing job. Tobin Bell has a loathsome attitude that is right for this cause Jigsaw, a creepy serial killer who plays with his victims lives. Shawnee Smith?s performance was unpredictable, it kept you on the edge of your seat. A role women rarely have the prospect to play. She plays an insecure, emotional woman with a self-destructive personality. Angus MacFadyen is a phenomenal underrated actor who has yet had...

Bubble Lab

The sugar solution will produce the best quality riffles because of Its sticky texture. Procedure First, three instills were labeled as 1, 2, and 3. Next, each cup had one teaspoon of dish detergent and % cup of water added to them and swirled around to have everything mixed. Cup 2 then had half a teaspoon of skirt sugar added and cup 3 had half a teaspoon of table salt added to them. After that, a straw was dipped Into each solution separately, and blown through In order to make bubbles.Data was recorded while blowing bubbles. Data Table 1 Bubbles using Different Solutions Control Sugar salt mien of Solution -Colorless -More translucent than cup one -Cloudy Bubble Size -Generally small -Occasionally medium -Medium sized -Larger than cup one -Medium to large Ease to Blow Bubbles -Easy -Needed to be gentle -Moderately easy -Some strength and speed needed -Dulcet -Needed to be gentle and slow Time Before Bubbles Popped* -5 to 10 seconds -15 to 20 seconds -10 to 15 seconds *Time wh en from when bubble left straw and popped.This Includes If It stuck on objects quality of bubbles. Based off Data Table 1, the sugar solution produced bubbled that lasted for 15 to 20 seconds. Although the salt solution lasted longish than picture and created larger bubbles than the sugar, it was often hard to make bubbles unless very gentle blows were used. It can be concluded that adding sugar made the bubbles stronger, while salt was weaker than the sugar, and the control the weakest of all.Conclusion It was proven that the hypothesis made, the sugar solution will produce the best quality bubbles because of its sticky texture, did in fact come true. To improve this experiment, it could be through with(p) in a windless room as well as launched up higher. This way, the bubbles wont pop because of the wind, and it could take a anger descent before it is popped by the ground or other objects. In addition to this, a larger quantity of salt and sugar could be added in order to make the changes to a greater extent drastic and easier to see.Another hypothesis related to bubble making would be Using a salt and sugar solution would enhance the quality of bubbles by pickings in both the large size of the salt solution and the strength of the sugar solution. In order to do this, one teaspoons of each, (salt and sugar), would be added to a 2/2 cup of water with one teaspoon of dish detergent. Then, a straw would be dipped in the solution and blown through in order to make bubbles.

Freedom Writers Essay

In immense B for each one, California, a war is raging. You cant al counsellings appear it, and its soldiers know its there. You need to go and watch emancipation Writers right this instant. In this heartwarming movie, Hillary flash plays quirky school teacher Erin Gruwell who, alongside her unsupportive husband (played by Patrick Dempsey) attempts to make history with her class of integration students, played by April Lee Hernandez, Jaclyn Ngan, Armand J anes and many more. The movie plays for 122 minutes of pure joy and raw emotion, where we get to see wonderful changes in the most un interchangeablely people.The film was directed by Richard LaGravanese and released by Paramount Pictures on January 5th, 2007. The Freedom Writers is an emotional drama, filled to the brim with suspicion and hope that leave behind leave its beautys in a state of mixed emotion. In the movie, there is a war being fought in Long Beach between the Blacks, Latinas and Asians and it seems irresolvab le. On Erin Gruwells first day teaching at Wilson High, words ar being spat out and fights are erupting, she sees that the students do truly hate each other.She then makes it her mission to teach the students of room 203 about respect, about dignity, and what it will sincerely mean when you fight for your own or die trying. Through Snoop Dog and Tupac, the peppy teacher somehow gets through to her students and learns that each and e genuinely one of them has been somehow affected by lots and gang violence. Throughout freshman and sophomore year, the students of Erins English class find themselves respecting her, and respecting each other, which shocks them all. They are taught to write in a diary, which showed them that it doesnt matter what is read, but what has been written.The school seems to have finally found peace within itself and room 203, but disaster strikes when we find out that Erin is not allowed to teach junior and elder years, and that her students must go on witho ut her. Does this mean that gangs will reconnect? Shootings, will they start back up again? Can the balance of peace really be kept one, very strange, second year teacher? The climax of this film touches the heart and minds of the viewers, and makes the long rising action worth every minute. Freedom Writers takes gift in Long Beach, California and is set in 1994-1996.It travels through the treacherous homes of the students, and shows the viewer what its really like to live a day like them. The setting sets a dim mood and shows the viewer how poor the kids truly are. It makes the viewer think about how hard life can be, while the speckle shows us the harsh truth. The special effect in the film add an edge to what would have otherwise been a very slow film. Sound effects were few and far between, but added an edge where they were placed. A more plentiful effect would be voiceovers, where the students read excerpts from The Diary of Anne Frank and their own personal diaries.It showe d the viewer that they were getting a voice, and that they were no longer afraid to speak up. The costumes and lighting reflected the variation of cultures and gangs in Wilson, and enhanced the overall mood of the story. Special effects and elements were very strategically placed in Freedom Writers, they were not sparse enough for the viewer to lost interest, but they were also not overused to enhance a accredited concept. In Freedom Writers, there were many actors that played very important parts in making the film so touching and sad.The main region was Erin Gruwell, played by Hillary Swank who does a wonderful job catching the essence of a believer. Swank puts forth a believable performance, where the viewer really thinks that she is noticeing some kind of a connection to her students. With great facial expression and the ability to look as if she is holding back fake tears, Hillary Swank makes the viewers feel as if they too can experience such(prenominal) real, hard emotion. Another character that played a key role in the film was named Jamal Hill who was played by Deance Wyatt.Jamal was a student of room 203, and to the untrained eye, he comes off as your stereotypical gangster who could care slight about school and everybody else around him. However, when a racial caricature of Jamal with very large lips circulated through the class, he begins to cry and we see that gangs have almost finished his life. Later on in the movie, Deance Wyatt reads from his characters diary with such passion and power, saying At sixteen, Ive seen more bodies than a mortician. Every time I footstep out my door I face the risk of being shot. To the rest of the world its just another dead body on a street corner.They dont know that he was my friend The way that Wyatt read these words made them so true, so passionate and it makes the viewer feel that there is a little bit of Jamal in all everybody. These two actors made the movie feel so real and so true they did an sensi tive job portraying the true meaning of what its like to be a Freedom Writer. The film Freedom Writers has so many different meanings, so many different themes that their interpretations are up to the viewers. Social issues were touched(p) upon making the story extremely controversial and yet somehow important for all teenagers to see.It touches principally on racial discrimination and how at that school, African-American, Mexican and Asian students in gangs do not get a voice. As Mrs. Gruwell develops relationships with each and every one of her students, she learns that all they truly want is for somebody to hear them, for somebody to remember them if they die. By giving the students their diaries, Erin attempts to get them in touch with who they truly are, and what they do with such a quiet voice shocks her. The movie shows viewers that together, they can move mountains.The viewer will explore touching diary entries, teaching them that everything that is said will make a differ ence to somebody. It doesnt matter what is spoken, or what is written, what matters will always be the moments when somebody hears the author. Hears them not by reading what is written, but by understanding that everybody has a story to tell and everybodys story is important. The viewer will grasp a new found respect for everybody that they meet because, as learned though the movie, everybody has a voice, they just need to learn how to use it. Freedom Writers was a wonderful film and an even better experience for its viewers.It touched upon so many different social issues so that there is something for everybody to relate to making it such a great movie to watch with others. There are so many different interpretations to be made, so this film is recommended for teenagers aged 13-18, because that is the age of the characters along their journey. This was an amazing movie, and everybody that watches it should agree. There is not one possible way that any viewer will not find a charact er that reminds them of themselves and what theyve been through, even at a less intense level.Freedom Writers compares to Pay It off and this is because it explores the concept of respecting each other and respecting oneself. The idea of a few people being able to change the world is also explored and well conveyed in each film, making them incredibly relatable and inspirational. The film was touching, and impressively well made. The actors were phenomenal, the effects were catchy and there were many other elements that the viewer will discover on their own. Freedom Writers is recommended to anybody that wants to learn a little bit more about respect, dignity, love and the harsh, cruel world around us.

Business Model Assignment Essay

Had been very busy lately finishing up on all the marking and a host of other stuff. wherefore is it that everything has to arise together at the same time? Now I hold to advise my students on completing their Business Model Assignment. My advise to them Do a little bit every day. Dont wait until the week of submission and then try to cramp everything in ace week. You will go haywire if you do that. There are four parts to the phone line model as required in the coursework brief core strategy, strategic resources, partnership network, and customer interface. Now, we are in Week 4. Try to cover one part in one week, and you will be able to dispatch your assignment by Week 7. Of course, you would have to compromise on your CNY celebrations. Never mind, you still have many more CNYs to come. )) In this post, I will forgather on the first part i.e. core strategy.let me start with argumentation model. A business model is nevertheless a simplified description of how a business ma kes money. Usually, it is the precursor to the business plan. The objective of having a business plan is to sell your project to external financiers or internally to top management. If you have a well-thought out business model, then it forms the basis for writing a good business plan. A business plan may consist of the management team, the business model, the implementation plan, the financial plan, an analysis of the external environments, and maybe also a part on risk analysis. So you see, the business model is actually just a part of the business plan.Okay, now lets look at core strategy. What exactly do we mean by core? It just refers to our most valuable customers who we are selling to. It also refers to our most important crossing what we are selling. Also refers to our most important channels how we are selling. outline? Its just the art and science of todays business environment i.e. how we differentiate ourselves from others. It refers to us finding our very own spac e in an over-crowded market. In the marking scheme, marks for this part is allocated for one-third res publicas of discussion the mission statement (3 marks), product and/or market scope (4 marks) and basis for differentiation (4 marks). Let us move to the first of these the mission statement.The mission statement simply defines what we sell and who we sell to. Having a mission statement provides us and our employees the framework and theatrical role of the existence of our business. The mission statement can be stated in one sentence or several sentences. Get your chemical groups members to beat down together and brainstorm on a mission statement for your groups business venture. If you put your brains together, you will be able to come up with a reasonably good mission statement. Google for examples of mission statements. Learn from the mission statements of others and try formulate a good one for yourself. After your group has come up with the mission statement, then explain your mission statement. So, in this area, two things you need to do State and explain your mission statement.The next area of discussion is your product and/or market scope. Product scope refers to the number of products you carry for sale in your business. You may build a successful business based on a single product strategy or you may have different lines of product to cater to a larger var. of customers. Your product scope will determine your future marketing strategy, your profit goals, and market saturation. With a single product scope, you build your business around one primary product. You become a specialist and often can build a niche market for your product, especially if you can develop territories over which you have complete control. Management is simple and inventory is easily monitored. A multiple product scope can include selling two or three or hundreds of products. Market scope is similar to product scope. It defines the number of customers you sell to and who th ey are. Yeah, you are right its akin to market segmentation. You should have studied round market segmentation in your Fundamentals of Marketing course. If you have forgotten, well, just Google and find out. So, in this area, what you need to do is to describe your product/s and/or your customer segments.Whats next? Oh yeah, basis for differentiation. Meaning how you differentiate your product or service with those offered by your competitors. Differentiating your product makes you stand out from the crowd. It represents the X-factor that sways the customers preference in your favor. In other words, successful product differentiation creates acompetitive advantage for you because customers will tend to perceive that your product is ridiculous or one of a kind. Product differentiation may be as simple as just changing the way that a product is packaged. It may also be as elaborate as introducing new functionalities to the product. So, in this area, what you need to do is to explai n how your product/service is differentiated from those of your competitors.

Foreign Direct Investment Essay

Today, the traits of unconnected enthronisation funds call for change than it was for two decades. Then it was in the main followed by the transnational companies to build their image. Foreign investment was never deemed as an autonomous economic activity, in fact I was always conceived to be a summons to dish up in backing related activities. However, one domiciliate not perceive immaterial look investment as an assistant to trading activities. It is indispensable for the growth and exploitation of chapiter that the resources should be efficiently distributed and apportioned. Nowadays, the flow of capital is against the expectations, as most of the capital moves towards the developed countries. (Konrad, 2000)The fact is that excessive flows of capital must(prenominal) have been initiative in the developing countries. These have the dire need of rent capital investments for development and reconstruction. Although, developing countries do have room for these types of i nvestments, the straw man of high risks there discourages high foreign investments. Hence, one can say that today the largest piece of work is to introduce re springs in the process of capital distribution. universe a virgin concept all the large and small countries adopted foreign point investment with great concern and doubts. Today it is a dowry of the aims of the companies to facilitated and sustain foreign direct investment. Large enterprises go for external investments. However, the availability of mutual fund has facilitated foreign investment to the small investors. (Konrad, 2000)Today, most of the developing countries ar experiencing high capital flows. In other wards one can say that foreign direct investment is the major source of capital availability in the developing countries. It has even taken oer the funds provided by the government and multinational banks for development and reconstruction of the developing countries. About one third of the investments in devel oping countries are actually done by the international investors. Recently, the flows of capital form the developed to the developing countries have spiked causing the positive termination of the investments from the OECD to the non-OECD countries. (Konrad, 2000)The increasing importance of the foreign direct investment has increased the take on for the creation of an international investment platform. Investment is actually functioning of economics that bask high social importance. It withal assists in the achievement of maintenance and growth of the countries. The role of policies in the sustainability of investment in the develop countries helps to form Market disciplines. It is for this intellect that most of the policy- gainrs rely upon it in the development of the policies. (Konrad, 2000)The lust of making money has many dire implications. The US governments stances to raise the investment prospects goed in high reception of taxes during 1992-1998. This increase in the value of investment areas termed quite profitable for the US. It got the chance to overcome its work out deficit, to build an appreciable budget for defense purpose it also helped the US government to make certain national and international investments. That ultimately led to its development and strong economic carriage in the world. However, the situation is opposite in the developing countries. There the policy makes are facing many difficulties in the investment and development of society mainly becausal agency of the availability of limited capital inflows. (Konrad, 2000)The greater increase of Foreign Direct investment among OECD countries-Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development- show that the OECD do have some stake in such type of investments. In fact the most of the foreign direct investment in developing countries is actually a result of the investment done by the OECD countries. Notwithstanding, yet OECD countries have not adopted a multilateral agreement for such type of investment.These types of investments can only be facilitated and practice by following the guidelines set by the United Nations. The policies adopted by the European Union for the death penalty of foreign direct investment are totally different from other countries. Most of the treaties and policies followed by the EU member states deliver foreign direct investment in them. The EU countries cannot sign or negotiate any multilateral investment proposal individually. However they can form a bilateral investment proposal individually. (Konrad, 2000)The well known press of foreign direct investment is home state. This ruler refers to a countrys ability to hold the investment made by its investors in some other country. This principle have stake in the foreign investment even after completely depending upon the state responsibility principles and the involvement of diplomats. This principle proves that both investments and trades have different implications. (Konra d, 2000)Foreign direct investment is in many ways needful for attaining development which can be maintained for a longer period of time. Unfortunately. most of the current investment policies and the framework are not properly maintained. A proper investment is required to take over them.Therefore, a collective international investment regime is required to facilitated and make public foreign direct investment. Today, due to increase in the direct investment from foreign countries developed countries have a limited share in the investment GDP than they had during the Environment and Development Conference conducted by the UN. Today, countries like Brazil, China, Chile, genus Argentina and Mexico have a big share in the implications of foreign direct investment. However, it is not reliable for a country to totally rely upon this type of investment. employ such type of investment to develop funds ends finishes all its resources. (Konrad, 2000)This may affect the ability of the count ry to invest for maintaining its development. In other words the outpouring of capital should be directed towards the developing or underdeveloped countries. Up till now all the initiations to constitute an international investment regime have failed only because of the divergence of perspectives among the United Nations and the OECD. United Nation has mainly focused upon the duties of the multinational corporations however the OECD countries are concerned with the Investors rights to introduce reforms in their investments security. (Konrad, 2000)Today, it is really necessary to differentiate between the rights and duties of the private and public sector investors. Unfortunately, none of the current international corporations are following this approach to attain matched foreign direct investments for their country. It is necessary for most of the international corporations to build an equilibrium investment policy. Only then a capable foreign direct investment policy can be devel oped and go acrossed.Moreover, the relationship between the investor and the country been invested in is different from the relationship between the exporting country and the importing country. It is indispensable upon the investors to attaint the investing rights of the country, he wishes to invest in. And it is for this lawsuit the development of an international investment platform is necessary. (Konrad, 2000)For the implementation of the foreign direct investment and the solution of wars it is necessary to have a publicaly legitimized system. It will assist in the proper functioning of the investment platform. Foreign direct investment will pave ways for the development of a platform where investment treaties could be building.A pact have been designed properly can help to meet the policies of foreign investments. These pacts will make the aims of the foreign direct investment platform more clear and applicable. However, the outcome of these types of small and big agreements will be the formation of regime that would be slow accept and implement the changes in the foreign direct investment.Up till now all the initiatives taken by World Bank, WTO, and UN to facilitate these investments have failed. In fact the difference of opinion among the policy makers resulted in the deadlock. Although the organization built for the just implementation of the foreign direct investment must be inevitable and flexible for larger duration. (Konrad, 2000)Foreign direct investment has shown subsequent increase during last 10 years. It is believed that many factors are responsible for this increase. To get increased capital flows from public and private sector and the formation of liberal global financial system helped in the development and globalization of product manufacturing. The cause for the raise in the flow of long-term investments towards the south is the growing interest of public and private investors in the region. Especially, most of the public departments and officials showed great interest for the international investments. These investments were supposed to assist in countries development and reconstruction.Foreign investments usually undermine the domesticated fabrication. Therefore, most of the developing countries build certain rules and regulation for the foreign investors. These initiatives were only taken to preserve and develop the domestic industry. Admittedly, increasing autonomy of finance and trade as well as the growing prospects of investments has resulted in the formation of new tune that assists in the arrival of foreign investments. Notwithstanding, global economy has also played a great role to introduce new prospects in the spheres of foreign direct investments.The increase in the intra firm trade and internationalization of production has been actually resulted form the growing competition among the multinational corporations (MNC). With the globalization the multinational organizations are also growing. Forei gn direct investments are necessary for the Multinational corporations so that they can raise their competitive popularity and explore their business to the new commercializes. All the factor relating to the demand and supply of the foreign investments are necessary for the development of foreign direct investments (FDI).FDI involves less risks than other investment programs. It is for this reason that today the supply of investments and the process of lend are dominated by the FDIs. Although, most of the Asian countries were badly affect by the financial crises of 1990s, even then they enjoyed heavy inflow of foreign direct investments. Explicitly, most of the multinational corporations that rely upon the exports- do not need inflow of capital for the production of their produce. However, the decreased in the value of local currency has resulted in the demand for foreign investment. It is for this reason that an environment for the foreign direct investments is progressing.Today, the competition in the trade, transportation and telecommunication sectors has rocketed globally. Therefore, in order to remain in the travel most of the corporations have to depend upon theRelative factor cost. Countries more anxious to attain foreign direct investment try to make their domestic product international and to make adjustment in their infrastructure globally. This approach usually adopted by the countries where there is expensive labor. Mostly, the ideology of export and intra-firm trade is linked with the efficiency seeking foreign direct investments. In most of service sector foreign direct investment is used for the formulation and implementation of market-seeking and resource-seeking plans. (Odele, 2001)Mostly companies willing to explore new markets bring the FDIs in service sector. Major aspects of the foreign direct investment is the geographical closeness of the developing and new markets. This approach is usually adopted by the corporations, want to captur e and attract new consumers.Most the companies that want to attain global market adopt cross-border strategies for foreign investments. These strategies are based upon the acquisition and fusion (M& A) of international firms. Mostly corporations in the banking, telecommunications, pharmaceuticals and insurance sector adopt M&A approach for FDI. In 1997 the merger and acquisition approach was considered the major cause of the inflow of the foreign direct investment in the industrial sectors.According to survey conducted by UNCTAD mergers and acquisition grok trio-fifth of the foreign direct investment in the global markets. This approach has also resulted in the concession of industries in the global market. Due to increase in foreign direct investments the productions in the foreign market raised to $3.5 trillion. However, global sales show that the international productions have risen to $9.5 trillion. This increase in production has resulted in the increase of the GDP to about 7%. Ultimately, it seems that today foreign investments account for one-third of worldly exports. (Odele, 2001)As most of the alternatives of the inflows of capital form the foreign market decreased in 1980s, the demand for foreign direct investment surged. Initially, most of the domestic industries of the south countries was preserved by the high tariffs and restricted interference of investors form the international market. Up till now most of the developing countries have worked really hard to protect their domestic industries from the empowering of international firms. Different rules and regulation were implement in this regard e.g. heavy tariffs were demanded from foreign investors. They were allowed to invest in only limited sectors. Property rights were also denied to the foreign investors. (Odele, 2001)However, it is amid 1998s that these countries realized the importance of FDIs. Therefore, they liberalized foreign direct investment to some extent most of the autonomy was provided in the export oriented sector. So that it can be compete in the international market and bring heavy reserves in the country. Yet foreign direct investors were denied independence in the other domestic sector.The financial crises of Asia was also a reason to liberalized FDIs. This crisis proved that investments for long term are more profitable than the short-term investments. The best example in this regard is of Mexico. Who faced great loss in for its short-term investment plans during the financial crises? (Odele, 2001)According to endogenous growth theory foreign direct investments facilitates development of economy by providing Scarce capital, technology and skills. These three serve as elements for the creation of capital in a country. (Odele, 2001)Initially FDI were concerned to be affects the economy of the host country positively. But the experiment in this regards have proved that it is difficult to maintain these positive impacts of FDI upon a countrys economy. I t is for this reason the response of the host governments towards the FDI is ambiguous. The involvement of government and proper policies can help to bring positive results of FDI.All the experiments towards the FDI are not positive but some researches have also proved negative impacts of FDI upon the domestic industry and economic growth of the country. Hence, many countries design their FDI policies with great concern. (Odele, 2001)FDI is a crucial element in the economic development of developing and under developed countries. though it is true that FDI helpful in the production of new technologies, providing employment opportunities, facilitates international market accessibility etc. it is also termed as a major cause for the downfall of environmental peace, it badly thwarts the equality of culture and society and disrupts the association with the local governments with the economy. (Annie et al, 2000)

Understanding and Coping with Change

Understanding and Coping with Change For many years, the world of business has experienced an increasing rate of stir. Alvin Toffler (1970) predicted the trend some(prenominal) decades ago. Toffler also remark that people exhibit a natural tendency to resist change. This resistance to change is a major placemental challenge that organizations must learn to manage.As individuals act to change in different ways, and as variations in responses produce different outcomes the recognition of this resistance to change is an essential gait in the development and murder of effective change management strategies. Change, positive or negative, is unsettling because people seek stability. Certain individuals are more resistant to change than others, at times thither can be situational characteristics such as a lack of trust in management contributing to this resistance to change.Often this resistance to change is out of self-importance amuse, at stake can be agents such as income, job s ecurity, prestige, power, and personal convenience. Low tolerance for change, lack of trust in management, and self interest are all factors which result in resistance to change. However my experience suggests that lack of understanding of the need for change can be the single sterling(prenominal) contributing factor and is the factor which the organization has the greatest control over.My current employer is in the process of implementing a major change in the organizational organize. Without passing into too much detail the restructure involves changes to the pay structure and changes in organizational reporting . As is the case with most organizational changes there has been a great deal of resistance involved. Previously I had suggested that lack of understanding of the need for change can be the single greatest contributing factor and the factor which the organization has the greatest control over.I believe that to be the case here, the organization has done an absolutely ab ysmal job in communicating what the changes lead entail and why the changes are needed. As a result of this ridiculous communication there is a great deal of apprehension and resistance to these changes. This poor communication has resulted in a lack of trust in senior management and an ever increasing sentiment that the changes are going to result in a reduction in pay and benefits. This protection of self interest is a natural eaction organism that many of the individuals affected have been with the organization for several years. Over time a persons investment in a company escalates as pension funds accumulate and the allowed vacation time rises, along with their chances of being promoted or enjoying the benefits of seniority, this is known as the sunk cost doctrine. This investment in the organization can in turn lead to greater resistance to change as the employee seeks to maintain the status quo (Patti, 1974).Again it is imperative that the organization manage change throug h proper communications, detailing the nature of the pending changes and the need for and expectations of these changes. While this go away not always ensure that all members of the organization agree with the changes or the need for them it will eliminated the apprehension that comes with the unknown. John Kotter of the Harvard Business School has built on existing models of change to create a more detailed approach for implementing change. Kotter began by listing common mistakes that organizations delineate when trying to initiate changes.These mistakes include the softness of the organization to create a sense of urgency about the need for change, failure to create a coalition for managing the change process, the absence of a raft for change and the ability to effectively communicate that vision, not removing obstacles that could impede the achievement of the vision, failure to provide short term and achievable goals, the tendency to declare achievement too soon, and not anc horing the changes into the organizations culture (Kotter, 1996).Kotter established eight sequential steps for organizations to use in overcoming and managing these problems. They are as follows 1. Establish a sense of urgency by creating a compelling reason of why change is needed. 2. Form a coalition with enough power to lead the change. 3. compel a new vision to direct the change and strategies for achieving the vision. 4. Communicate the vision throughout the organization. 5. Empower others to act on the vision by removing barriers to change and promote risk taking and creative problem solving 6.Plan for and create reward short term wins that move the organization toward the new vision. 7. Consolidate improvements, reassess changes, and make necessary adjustments in the new program. 8. Reinforce the changes by demonstrating the family relationship between new behaviors and organizational success. The first four steps essentially extrapolate on the unfreezing stage. Steps 5 th rough 7 represent movement. And the final step works on refreezing. When I look at the organizational structure change my current employer is going through it is clear that they have make many of the mistakes Kotter discussed.When reviewing the unfreezing stage the organization has not created any sense of urgency or new vision to direct change. As I have discussed previously the entire communication process related to these changes has been vague at best. The restructuring project is being lead by well respected senior management within the organization, however without the other components discussed respected senior management leadership of project is not enough to ensure its success. We are currently in the movement phase of the project, this phase has been filled with a great deal of uncertainty and apprehension.Individuals within the organization are concerned as to what the end result is going to look like and ultimately how their self interests are going to be affected. The f inal step of refreezing has not yet occurred, so it is unclear if this project will ever achieve acceptance among the member of the organization. I believe that while the organization has made many mistakes in implementing this change it is not too late for this project to be successful. While to project is currently underway, or in the movement phase, I believe the senior management can take a step back, recognize mistakes made, and implement an expedited unfreezing stage.A component of this expedited unfreezing stage needs to be recognition of sign failures followed by creating the sense of urgency and the creation of new vision that Kotter outlined. Without that I do not foresee the organization being successful in demonstrating the relationship between new behaviors and organizational success. Kotter, J. P. (1996). Leading change. Boston Harvard Business School Press. Patti, R. J. (1974). Organizational resistance and change The view from below. Social Service Review, 48, 37137 2. Toffler, A. (1970). Future shock. forward-looking York Random House.

Ufc Business Strategy

General Environment The fastest growing sports organization in the world, the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), started in 1993 as a professional flick martial arts (MMA) organization. Once the UFC trade name was launched, MMA popularity surged in Brazil, followed by immense interest in Japan where these bouts became major events. The intimately recent fight in April, UFC sold 55,000 tickets in minutes, became the largest paid audience in North American to witness a mix martial arts event.They delivered top rating in male 18-34 and 18-49 demographics. Globally, UFC programming is broadcast in over 149 countries and territories, reaching a half a billion homes worldwide, in 20 different languages. Response to the UFC brand of MMA has been tremendous, resulting in a growing fan base that has grown exponentially through the years. So, UFC is very popular to the whole world. Porters Five Forces bane of New Entrants Threat of new entrants is low because everyone in the world is wa tching UFC.UFC is the only mixed martial arts industry in the world, but it is vary of fighting sports industry. Power of Suppliers I would say that power of suppliers is high because the whole world is selling UFCs stuffs. Suppliers atomic number 18 selling UFC apparels, shorts, DVDs, equipments and gears. Some of the suppliers including Affliction are selling UFCs apparel. Others (Clear Vision) are selling DVD such as work-out or copies of UFC fights. UFC spends a lot on advertisement because theyre one of the near recognizable by the whole world.The Ultimate Fighting Championship has fall innered with Foxfor a seven-year broadcast deal through theFox Sportssubsidiary, effectively ending the UFCs arbor TVand Versus (nowNBC Sports Network) partnership. I believe fighters are one of the suppliers because they are paid per fight, with amounts depending on how well-known the fighters are and how well sponsored a fighter and an event is. Fighters go away typically get paid money t o fight with an additional bonus if they win. Power of Buyers Buyers power is really high because UFC is very popular to the world.The UFC brand tout ensemble restructured MMA into a highly organized and controlled compact sports. Now, UFC produces over twelve live Pay-Per-View events annually that are distributed residentially through North American cable and artificial satellite providers including iNDEMAND Networks, DIRECTv, DISH Network, TVN Entertainment, Shaw Pay-Per-View, BellTv, Viewers Choice, SaskTel Max and via the Internet worldwide on UFC. com and Yahoo , commercially through Joe Hand Promotions. It is very expensive because you have to order Pay-Per-View or DIRECTv to watch UFC.Substitute I dont believe there is a substitute because UFC is wrestling, martial art mixed. UFC is a very unique sport, but it is part of fighting sports. So, I believe substitute is very low. There are wrestling, boxing, martial arts mixed, and other fighting sports. Competitor Analysis fis tfight Boxing is amartial artandcombat sportin which two people engage in a contest of strength, reflexes, and endurance by throwingpunchesat an opponent withgloved hands. They can get two most popular, best and recognizable boxers to fight each other.They have so many perfervid fans. Theyve partnered with HBO and SHOWTIME. They are focused on the best fighters from all over the world and give the best show for the world. Internal Industry Strength UFC is one of the most popular sports, not in just United States, but in the whole world. They have surpassed the boxing on fans popularity. They are really high on suppliers and buyers power. They have sold out their tickets within minutes, not hours or days. Weakness It is not for younger kids to watch UFC because it is a bad image and bad regulate for them.You dont want to have bullies at schools. UFC are worrying about what the fighters say or do because Advocacy groups have criticized the fighters comments as sexist and homophobic. The incidents cited by National Center on Domestic and Sexual Violence include an undated video linked on unfitforchildren. org, in which UFC fighter Quinton violent disorder Jacksonurges a Japanese-speaking fan to say nasty words. Also, people are complained about their advertisement because they showed a half nude woman in one of their commercial with Bud Light Lime. Recommendation

Explaining First Language Acquisition Essay

An essay explaining inaugural speech learnedness What is the most realistic theory that explains human beings acquisition of their First Language? Considering the varying theories and perspective on how foremost language is learned, it is evident that no single theory can fully account for the complexity of the issue How 1st language is learned. Based on the previous discussions and scholarly readings we had however, I am beginning to develop a conviction that Innatist theory holds the most realistic and unchanging translation among theories presented on how human beings acquire their mother tongue.The Innatist view also known as the Nativist pi singleered by Noam Chomsky laid out an explanation that every child possesses innate knowledge of language structure (universals) to detect and reproduce his or her 1st language. (Lightbown & Spada, 2006, p. 16). According to Chomsky, we all possess Language Acquisition Device that has predestined people to workout spoken language, and makes us the only beings that can use spoken language. I think this is generally true. No one can argue that human beings are the only species on earth that uses spoken language.Many researches in the past tried to incorporate and teach animals to use any kind and forms of human language but all attempts have failed. I also have observed that the rest of the perspectives (theories) offered in the module to wit connectivist, constructivist, developmentalist and cognitivist are just rehash or mixtures and modified versions of behaviorist and innatist view. Thus, the only two outstanding theories and have original ideas that main served as pillars in First Language acquisition are namely behaviorism and innatism.Although these two opposing theories offers great insights in learning L1, innatists perspective is much more cosmopolitan and consistent than that of the behaviorist. First, behaviorism is machinelike since neither conscious awareness nor intent is assumed to be operationa l in the learner. In contrast, innatism is realistic rather than mechanical since it does consider a child as an inert recipient. Furthermore, the behaviorist doesnt include or advocate the critical period of learning, while innatism takes into account any(prenominal) of critical period hypotheses.Universal grammar is also true in most cases. People who didnt undergo formal instructions or any forms of culture still learn the complexity of their native language. Finally, I think Chomskys ideas explained the facts in a way that no other theories can. Acquiring language is not a normal mental problem. Everyone sees small children pick up language effortlessly. Few, however, notices what an amazing phenomenon this is. Rarely any one would expect a four-year-old to master calculus. hitherto most people would not in be surprised when a four-year-old learns grammar, which is a difficult task. Children learn the rules of their native grammar by hearing a bound set of sample sentences. I n addition, the limited information they receive is mathematically insufficient for them to determine grammatical principles, yet somehow they are still fitting to do so. Reference Lightbown, P. M. , & Spada N. (2006). How Language are Learned Oxford Handbooks for Language Teachers. (3rd ed. ) Oxford University Press

Psychoanalysis of Hamlet

There are always three sides to a coin when it comes to psychological science. Two world the heads and tails, the other being the thickness of the coin represented here by the why factor. No swear out is ever considered to be an accidental behavior, thus making village an intriguing subject of analysis. Critics of William Shakespeares guide crossroads often debate the cognitive processes of young sm exclusively t owns mind. To examine settlement finished a psychological perspective, adept must use knowledge of behavioral psychology, which is the study of behavior that reveals privileged thoughts. hamlet is a complex character full of deep emotions and developgenial problems it is revealed through his actions, thoughts, and words portrayed during the chance. traumatic experiences in a persons look merchant ship father serious mental repercussions, such as disconnection from others, self-blame, or per firearment mental instability. Accordingly, critical points behavior d emonstrates textbook symptoms of steamy and psychological damage. With the loss of his father, and the quick remarriage of his mother, the dramatic departs in the familiarity of biography become the triggers for Hamlets change in behavior.These psychological triggers are very relevant in patient cases today such as the remarrying of a parent, the death of close fri wind up, or development during adolescence. The triggered behaviors become dangerous, as the ability of being satisfactory to confide in someone else does not seem a possibility to Hamlet. Losing a loved one is never easy, in Hamlets case the loss leads to a downward spiral of behavior that in the end affects umteen different heap in his kingdom. This problem of seeking comfort or advice in times of indigence is crucial for the development during adolescence.Psychologists agree that bottling up emotions can cause explosive and irrational behavior, such as in the case of Hamlet. Madness in great ones must not unwatc hed go. A persons actions revel to the world what is going on in his or her mind to a tremendous extent. Hamlets actions in the play depict a mix of complex planning with sporadic displays of mental instability. Such actions such as the hesitation of cleansing Claudius, the finish up of Polonius, and Hamlets interactions with Ophelia reveal Hamlets dead on target mental state. Many critics have scrutinized the delay of Hamlet not eradicateing Claudius over the years.Freud offered what seemed to many a decisive answer to this riddle for the ages that Hamlet is stymied by the weird coincidence of Claudiuss crime with his own oedipal wishes. (Kilgore) This summon represents the deep internal conflict of Hamlets actions because of his obsession with his mothers sexual behavior. Hamlet is able to do anything but take vengeance upon the man who did away with his father and has taken his fathers attitude with his mother the man who shows him in realization the repressed desires of his own childhood (Kilgore).This quotation suggests that Hamlet precious to be like Claudius subconsciously. In addition, this quote answers why Gertrudes quick remarriage to Claudius is taken so hard by young Hamlet. Freud considered this complex the cornerstone of the superego and the nucleus of all human relationships. (Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia) Next, the action of killing Polonius is one example of Hamlets temporary insanity. Moments after Hamlet fails to kill Claudius as he prays because he is unshriven he slays Polonius under the impression it was Claudius.The contradictory nature of these two decisions shows in behavioral psychology that Hamlet is emotionally unstable. This action also demonstrates that aggression has taken over reasoning. Emotions are one of mans greatest strengths but can cause the greatest downfalls. For example, In Hamlet, Poloniuss murder lastly leads to Hamlets death at the hands of Poloniuss son. Hamlets lack of cognitive reasoning ultimatel y conflicts with his short-term plans as Hamlet is sent away from the kingdom by the man who he is trying to murder.This shows that the catastrophe occurs as a result of instinctive reactions rather than pre-meditation. To inhibit actively ones behavior is trying and disease related when individuals do not or cannot express thoughts and feelings concerning a traumatic event (i. e. , when they bind in behavioral inhibition), there is an increased probability of having obsessive thoughts about the event and of having illnesses in the coherent run (Kelly). Keeping secrets from people or being burdened by others secrets is an action that can be harmful in every aspect of health.Hamlets action of keeping secrets from others is representative of his mistrust in people. Hamlet has no one to confide in which leads to irrational decisions and obsession. Most psychologists agree that having someone to confide in is crucial in the developmental process. The act of not revealing such traumat ic information destroys Hamlet from a mental perspective and causes Hamlet to slip in and out of sanity. The relationship between Hamlet and Ophelia is an example of the destructive nature secrets can cause.Good relationships are built on the fundamentals of trust and communion neither of which is demonstrated in their relationship. Hamlets subconscious mistrust in the ability of people to keep secrets is projected into the communication of their relationship. Ophelia thinks that Hamlet has gone insane, and this lack of communication drives her into madness and her death. Secrets can unknowingly destroy many people, making them more dangerous through the subconscious influences. All authors project their own heart experiences and thoughts subconsciously in to their literature.Shakespeare had a son named Hamnet who died of the bubonic plague years before the play Hamlet. (Wheeler 127-153) It is through this loss of Shakespeares own child that the play takes on a deeper psychologica l aspect. Hamlets to be or not to be soliloquy can be viewed as a projection into the troubles facing Shakespeare during his own life. The loss of a loved one is a powerful influence and subconsciously can cause feelings of depression and suicide. This soliloquy is one of the most recognized worldwide collectable to its contemplation of life and death due to the struggles that face Hamlet.To be, or not to bethat is the question Whether tis nobler in the mind to start out the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune or to take arms against a sea of troubles and by opposing end them. (Shakespeare) Hamlet is clinically depressed and overwhelmed by the troubles in his life. Not even being able to kill the murderer of his father, he is unlikely that to kill himself. Shakespeare presents us with a vivid recital of the thought processes of a man making up his mind about a critical step in his life.(Kilgore)Thus many people believe that hamlet is overthinking the problem. Thus if this sol iloquy was recited to a psychiatrist he would inspire anti-depressant medication. Contemplating life and death is a process that we all do at different points in life. However, it is the demeanor in which we approach our lives and deaths that define us as individuals. Hamlet has received a liberal rearing thus his learned critical thinking and questioning about every action causes obsessive self-criticism. Hamlets soliloquy of Act 2 Scene 2 shows hisinnermost feelings of self-disgust about his inaction. But I am a pigeon-livered and lack gall to make oppression better, or ere this I should have plump all the regions kites with this slaves offal. (Shakespeare) Thus, this harsh self-criticism leads to Hamlet making irrational decisions. In teenagers the frontal lobe is nonoperational in the developmental stages, and affecting his self-perception in addition to his decision making. Hamlet is the perfect storm of decisions base on pathos rather than logos.Hamlets decisions, althou gh sometime requiring calculation, often are unrealistic and impetuous representing the outpouring and error method of learning. Hamlets words are invaluable to the shaping of his character. His attitude towards the murder of Polonius disconnects him from the norms of society. Making jokes about the body of someone whom he just murdered demonstrates almost a psychopathologic tendency brought about by intense levels of stress. In addition to this, Hamlet is in a attitude where his actions do not have repercussions evidenced by the town looking the other way on his actions.The psychological effect of having no consequences for actions starting at a young age can have disastrous effects of the development during adolescence and often in cases can lead to the development of Oppositional defiance inconvenience children. Children with ODD have little (or no) regard for what their parents or society expect of them. (Abraham) Hamlet does not tutorship about how he should behave in soci ety and does as he pleases. Hamlet feels entitled to set the lives of others for his own personal success and has no regard for anyones welfare but his own.Hamlet was set up for failure in societal norms from childhood. Other insights into Hamlets mental state can be examined through Hamlet and Ophelias relationship. The words I loved Ophelia forty thousand brothers/ could not with all their quantity of love make up my sum. (Shakespeare 296). Hamlet is under false pretenses of what love means due to his adolescence, demonstrated by his harsh words to Ophelia and inability to communicate his distresses and concerns with her.In addition Ophelias and Hamlets relationship is skewed by how he perceives own mother and women in general. This is demonstrated by Hamlets contain Get thee to a nunnery, which reveals that he holds the belief that all women are whores. Nunnery was a colloquium, which meant brothel in Shakespeares day. The projections of past experiences to present experience s dramatically affect his relationships. Hamlets unkind attitude and words to others ultimately affect the lives of people around him substantially.In conclusion, Hamlets complexity and behavior is attributed to adolescence and going through life crises that trigger developmental and textbook psychology issues. Using Hamlets actions, thoughts, and words gives the reader a microscope for further examination the character. Shakespeare was a maestro of creating complex characters, some based on his real life experiences. Hamlets reactions to the changes in hi+s life much reflect the type of behavioral changes people in real life experience after similar trauma. Hamlet has been a popular subject for psychoanalysis since the discipline became popular.

How far do Stalin’s fears and suspicions account for the extent of the terror in the USSR in the years 1936-39?

One of the definitive movers of Stalins Russia is the mass array of panic he cast over his nation during his tyrannous reign which was fuelled by purges of people from all walks of life this originate in from kulaks on the collectivised farming to saboteurs in the industrial aspects who were said to be at fault for un met quotas. Stalin held his hoidenish in peril, but for what condition?Ultimately it layabout be regarded as a disproportionate touchstone of dismay and mistrust blinding Stalin in extenuating paranoia thus leading to the terror con constellation ton in the age from 1936-39. Although this is not the full reason, it moldiness in any case be taken into account the economic difficulties and external threats go about at the time, so Stalins dismay is not the full reason to the termination of the terror.Notably, in 1936 Stalin declare the Soviet Union was in a state of siege which lead to his progressive terrorising of the Soviet Union. The observe origin of the terror that unfolded is often remarked as the murder of Kirov on the 1st of December 1934. Stalin was said to grow untrusting of opposites and is likely to stomach feared for himself after the death of this highly regarded member of the central committee because it could guide that someone was attempting to overthrow him.This fear of losing his power is to and extent accountable for the terror which took place, in particular the purges of the troupe because these are likely to be the people who wanted his position so he would have been suspicious that these were the one that wanted him dead and at that placefore they had to be cleansed- this, if true it would be a driving factor because Stalin wanted more than anything to maintain his power. How eer, it has been postulated that the murder of Kirov was an elaborate plot devised by Stalin.Kirov was said to at time receive more applause than Stalin in meetings, this demonstrates that Kirov was highly popular and because h e opposed the speed of industrialisation and extreme measures of company discipline Stalin may have not wanted him to be impressionable on other party members, which he clearly was exemplified by him receiving more applause than Stalin a man who was clapped where ever he went.So overall it appears rather probable that whether the murder was orwas not organised by Stalin fear was a fore frontal element which drove him to the terror as Kirov portrays how he thought of party members may change ideas of others over his so he had to therefore eradicate them and then accounting for the terror which transpired. Although this cannot be fully noted as simply as fear because relating back to the fact Kirov stock more applause could show that his death and the purges were a result of Stalins irrational jealousy of others and not fear, he wanted to ensure he remained top and was jealous of any who even mirrored in the slightest his appraisal.Contrary to jealousy, a factor which heightens the portrayal that fear and suspicion were the driving force is the rise of fascism at the time. In March 1936, just before Stalin sprung his terror on the party and military, Hitler reoccupied the demilitarised zone of the Rhineland and much to Stalins murkiness his supposed western allies did nothing but idly stand by. This may have created fear in Stalin and alarmed him of the fascist threat spiralling into him attempting to liquidate not save his external but also his internal enemies.Combined with this it has been postulated that he was haunted by the fate of Nicholas II who had been brought down by a variety show of internal and external enemies, with this in his mind Stalin would not want to suffer the same fate hence we see how he would have been fearful of this possibility. Supporting this is the fact that in August 1936 Zinoviev and Kamenev were pulled out of prison and put on a show trial, accompanied by 14 other oppositionist group members in the party.From this we can d educe that suspicion was a driving factor in Stalins motivation for the purges because he was obviously mindful of the past which led to him to obstruct it from happening- and this meant the terror which he unleashed on the party to prevent this and also on the military to prevent the new force of fascism seeing to his downfall (so yet once again mindful of the external threats fuelled by his fear).In agreement with this idea is the fact that from members of the central committee in 1934 by 1938 70 percent of them were dead, if we link this back to the as fore mentioned idea that Stalin planned the murder of Kirov, we see an un disputable depiction of Stalins terror unleashed on the party and because of the former it was fuelled by his fear and penitent of potential downfall at the hands of others and he did see an apparentthreat in the form of members much(prenominal) as Kirov.In stark contrast, it cannot be regarded that Stalins fear and suspicion were the soul contributor to the extent of the terror Stalins very record is notably a dominant factor to the outbreak of the terror. Stalins cult of nature refers to how he dominated every aspect of Soviet life, he was no long-life a leader but an embodiment of the nation itself- communism was now what Stalin said and did.One famous Russian politics of the time Khrushev who went on to lead the soviet union during the cold war and who had worked with Stalin stated that Stalin is hope, Stalin is expectation. Stalin is our victory. From this account it begins to enlighten us to how Stalin must have been a rather self-absorbed man, this is displayed by beginningly on Stalins 50th birth sidereal day in 1929, a huge all day parade and celebrations were held were tanks and soldiers were deployed to march by the streets and on may day celebrations planes flew overhead with portraits of Stalin.Through this depiction of how his cult of reputation presented him as this man who highly thought of himself it presents how he idealised himself as the hero of the revolution, a angiotensin-converting enzyme who alone could take Russia forward to socialism and effect the transformation of the country, and who therefore could not be thwarted.Not only do this ideas contrast such that he was fearful, because as he thought of him-self in such prestige and being so powerful he had no reason to fear and consequently this could not have been the reason for his terror, but it also provides an explanation to why he had to get rid of the Bolshevik who knew that he was not this all-encompassing hero, because they would lock away have Lenins testament in their minds where Stalin was denounced by the man the Russian people saw as a God, so they would not accept him in the light he saw himself and may try to thwart him therefore this lead to his purges because he wished to maintain this cult of personality which resembled him as a demi God and it was in such interests security that he purge the party of all th ose who may disagree or those mindful of times of the power struggle where the testament was revealed.However, Stalins personality is said to account for his suspicion which may have led to the terror as he was exposit as being deeply suspicious, verging on paranoia. Referring back to Khrushchev he reported that Stalin was a very distrustful man, sickly suspicious, seeing everywhere about him enemies, double dealers, and spies. Combining with this, the suicide of his wife on the eighth November 1932 which will have convinced him even more that those around him would betray him because the women closed to him has resorted to killing herself which he will have seen as her rejecting his ideals and thus betraying him, it meant his personality became deeply suspicious.So although his personality does partially portray ideas that it was Stalins own ego which fuelled the terror, there was definitely and element of suspicion because of past events and how his peers regarded it as being in hering to his personality. Alternatively, the terror can also be seen to mimic the cunningness Stalin showed at the time of the power struggle where he outwitted his opposition and thus eliminate them leading him to gain control of the communist party. First off this can be shown by the fact he wished to keep the party under his full control so he could therefore carry out his policies end edicts without question, keeping the party in a aeonian state of insecurity ( who would be arrested or denounced next? ) was a way of keeping control.This can be seen nigh by the nomenklatura around the central committee allowed Stalin to keep his lieutenants guessing about whom he would draw as his people. So the purges of the military allowed for this, so through this it shows Stalins cunningness being a reason for the purges because he used them to keep those higher up in line. However, yet again this can be seen to also mirror the fact in how Stalin felt threatened by the growing opposition to him in the 1930s thus it portrays how fear is still a root element to thee purges because despite his cunningness being apparent it still all comes back down to his fear as being the intrinsic reason for the terror.Contradicting this still is how Stalins cunningness and intellect can be seen to have instigated the purges because of the economic difficulties the Soviet Union faced at the time. Production figures from the five form plans were beginning to level off and fall behind schedule , there had been a bad harvest in 1936 (just before the start of the terror) and Stalins management of the economy had been criticised heavily. Stalin through the purges of the people adopted scapegoats for these failings and allowed him to pin problems on so called wreckers. Thereby Stalin was also able to shake up managers and workers which made them work much harder as they did not want to face accusation this tied in with the Stakhanovite campaign of 1936.The terror allowed Stalin to incre ase workers to be more productive and encourage them to be Stakhanovites and accept more tools and materials to increase production rates, Through this we can see how the terror amongst the workers was fuelled by Stalins cunningness to operate the workers into working much harder and reeking greater results for Russia, so it would seem that part of the reason for the terror is in fact drawn from Stalins intellect and cunningness supposed to the fear and suspicion that drove the purges in other sectors. Overall Stalins fears and fears and suspicions heavily contributed to the terror within the USSR from 1936-39. It was the fear of losing control of the party to numerous factors such as fascism and rejection of his ideology which led him to purge the party and military.Although the purge of the workers is prominently a result of Stalins cunningness to manipulate them in order to gain greater results in an attempt to meet his five year plans, it is the suspicion which we saw evident after the murder of Kirov that led him to purge his own party first of all and the fear of external and internal threats which led him to purge the military. In conclusion fear and suspicion heavily contributed to the extent of the terror from 1936-39 as it is so evident from the party and militarily, but it still must be acknowledged that it was not the sole reason as Stalin did cause some terror amongst workers as a result of his intellect not fear, however overall the major factor which lead to the most influential and majority of purges was in fact his fear and suspicions that dwelled with his personality and led to vindictive paranoia.

Within the Context of 1789-1890, Was the Unification of Germany a Result of Economic, Political or Military Forces?

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