The street doesn’t adopt pets

The street doesn't adopt pets, that is what I tell myself when I see some animals wandering around the streets, in the case of our city the most of these poor animals are dogs that for some reason ended In that way. I am against of this situation, not only because it brings a bad aspect for the city, but also those dogs deserve a better life like any other animal, maybe they can ‘t get an owner, but shelter and food are essential things that they should have, so a program to help them to satisfy those eeds would be awesome and Is something that I hope become real as soon as possible.First, though It Is true that many mongrels were born In the streets and get angry or act In an aggressive way with humans, this Is not a reason to leave them alone, living a dangerous life, because the cycle Is going to repeat over and over, and that Is not a choice, so one solution Is to take them to temporary homes while they are puppies. second, some people believes that the best way to end with this problem would be creating campaigns to kill these poor animals.Although there may e lower dogs wandering around than before, this is not even an option to take in consideration, because killing animals is a crime according to the law, and also killing an animal that could be considered like a pet is an indignant act. Finally, in spite of the fact that the cost of keeping dogs in shelters with food and water is just too costly, the price paid for leave this situation in the same way in the long term is even higher. An example of this would be the increase of attacks of mad dogs due to the great population of mongrels starving in the streets.To conclude, I'd like to talk about a group called ADA (Association in Defence of Animals) who look after the care and treatment of these helpless animals, so then taking them to temporary homes until they can be adopted. I admire the great devotion that this group of people put in each case, as an example, I could talk about the day when I knew about their work. It was the last month when I was with my dog in its veterinarian, these guys entered with a dog in a very bad state and ask to the doctor to give him an immediate treatment.

Oneself Changes Essay

God image’ is the subjective emotional experience of God. It is shaped by our experience of our parents and enables us to continue earlier learned relational patterns. The term, God Image is used to refer to one’s internal, intra-psychic, emotional representation of God. The God Image develops during childhood as the children are confronted with their limitations, and recognizes powers beyond their own work in their environment. This essay will focus on the ‘God image’ as it will be trying to explain ‘how Rizzuto show that as the image of one changes, so too, does one’s image of God change’. Before that, this paper will start by briefing a history of Rizzuto. Ana Maria-Rizzuto was an American psychoanalyst who began her interest in looking at Religion through the eyes of her discipline in 1963 when she was asked to teach a course in the seminary on the psychological foundations of belief. She was inspired by Freud’s insights into the role of parents in search of project with patients admitted to a private psychiatric hospital. Twenty patience were studied, ten men and ten women. The goal of her project was to study the possible origins of the individual’s private representation of God and its subsequent elaborations. Rizzuto took her basic hypothesis from Freud who had connected the individual’s ‘father in flesh’ with God. Freud claimed that all people create their own gods on the basis of early relationships shaped in childhood. In doing his project, Rizzuto had each one fill out detailed questionnaire and then she interviewed each to gain a comprehensive life history. In order to understand her subjects thoroughly, Rizzuto asked them to talk about themselves at the different stages of their growth, about their relationships, conflicts and problems. Her end goal was to be able to make a complex assessment and come to a clinical interpretation of the quality of each subject’s relationships in those private and subjective areas of experience which do not lend themselves easily to statistical analysis (Graham13-5). Rizzuto focused on the formation of an individual’s private representation of God during childhood, its modifications and uses during the entire course of life. She calls this process of formation the â€Å"Birth of the Living God†. As the image of one change, so, too does the one’s image of God change. Rizzuto says that the images and experiences from the earliest years, before oedipal struggles, seem to play a key role. The child alone does not create a God. According to Rizzuto, the development of a child throws light on the way the image and the concept of God come into being and interact. The new born baby has no interpersonal experience. The infant has the experience of the mother, the father and the siblings. The child has a multitude of interpersonal experiences. It is at age of three when the child becomes consciously curious about God. â€Å"A three year old oedipal child, for instance, has great curiosity and wants to know the why of living† (208). The child is especially interested in the causes of things like, ‘why do trees move? Where does the wind come from? The child ceaseless chaining of causes or animistic notions of causality will inevitably lead her/him to think of a superior being. The idea of God suits a child well because her parents and adult are already in her mind superior beings of great size and power. The child easily moves to an anthropomorphic understanding of God as a powerful being like her parents†(Rizzuto qtd in Winnicott 97) The child soon discovers that God is invisible; therefore, he is left to inner resources to fill the image of God as a living being described for him as a person. The powerful fantasy of the child has to ‘create’ the powerful being. As a result, as the image of o ne change, so, too does the one’s image of God changes. Also, an image of God can be created for a new human being through parental and societal devotion to God as like its parents. The child observes its parents and adults giving devotion to God. Since the child’s parents are like God to the child, the parent’s devotion to someone even greater than themselves is a mystery to the child. The parents and God then become associated and not clearly distinguished. The parents as objects become internalized, form the self and become symbolized by God image (Rizzuto qtd in Nelson 35). Horowitz writes, Rizzuto claims that, it is not known what psychic processes take place inside the child at that early age or the selective procedures that bring him/her to use one type of interpersonal experience and reject nother to form his/her image of God. What is known is that, the child has an image of God which he/she spontaneously uses in his/her questioning about him and in his own religious behavior? This early image may, to be sure undergo changes in later life. â€Å"This does not alter the fact that the child has formed his image of God out of interpersonal ex periences before he is intellectually mature enough to grasp the concept of God†( Horowitz 63). When the time comes for the child to receive formal religious teaching, his image of God and the concept of God will also change just as the image of one change (64). Furthermore, Rizzuto acknowledges the idea of Winnicot who says that, when a child grows and matures, he/she will come to his intermediate area of experience, which constitutes the greater part of infant’s experience, and â€Å"throughout life is retained in the intense experiencing that belongs to the arts and to religion and to imaginative and to creative scientific work† (14). At this stage, â€Å"instead of God losing meaning, his meaning becomes heightened by the oedipal experience and all other pre-genital events that have contributed to the reelaboration of his representational characteristics† (Rizzuto 178). Sometimes, however he may seem to lose meaning, paradoxically, on account of being rejected, ignored, and suppressed or found temporarily unnecessary. Lawrence broadened the understanding of what influences the development of the God Image in line with the idea of Rizzuto. It is now more commonly recognized that other relationships and experiences also impact the development of the God Image. One may again ask that, â€Å"Does young people who have not received any kind of religious education in general develop images of God? † This question can be answered with the findings of Rizzuto. She claims that in a very early age every child begins to form its image of God through parental messages about God. The image of God gets a clearer shape when the child begins to create so called fantasy companions, which help the child till adolescence to master inner conflicts. Amongst others, the fantasy companions can take over the role of a scapegoat, which allows the child to repulse negative impulses or they can help the child to strengthen their feelings of omnipotence or they can become caring companions of the lonely, neglected or rejected child (Lawrence 119 and Winnicot 140). Moreover, Rizzuto claims that even if a child is to be brought up in a religious or unreligious way, he/she will create God as a fantasy companion, whose existence is formed from his/her personal experience with parents and what he/she will learn about God in the environment he/she grows up in. he goes on to say that, nothing can be predicted on how the child will use the information which he/she gets about God. This means that no general statements can be made about the childlike image about God and its further development. For some children God may become very meaningful, for others God might have an evil, destructive character and for some he might not be of any importance at all. Nevertheless, the bottom line is that the as the image of a child or one changes, so, too, does the child’s or one’s image changes (Winnicott 143). Rizzuto agrees that Freud was basically correct in suggesting that God has his origins in parental imagos and that God comes to the child at the time of resolution of the oedipal crisis. That implies that all the children in Western world form a God representation- one that may later be used, neglected, or actively repressed. In all cases the type of representation the child has formed as a result of his personal experience with his self-perception. This is not because the God representation can exert any influence of its own but because the child actively uses his God representation and his transformations of it as an element in maintaining a minimum sense of relatedness and hope. Sometimes this is best archived by totally rejecting God; at other times ‘closeness’ to God offers a better solution (208). To sum up, Rizzuto tries to show that as the image of one change, so, too does the one’s image of God change. He does that by focusing on the development of a child. He writes that, the child create God image through experience and fantasy. Freud believes that only the father provides the imago for an ‘exaltation’ to Godhead but Rizzuto would then argue saying that it is either the father or the mother or both who helps in the formation of the God’s image in the child which can also affects his/her ideas and images of God later in life. Other primary objects like grandparents siblings may also provide some representational components. The entire representational process occurs in a wider context of the family, social class, organized religion and particular subcultures. All these experiences contribute a background to the shape, significance, potential use and meaning which the child or adult may bestow on their God representations.

Mexican American and Poem Legal Alien Essay

Ora is in the open poem form, it has no stanzas. It does have a few words that rhyme which are â€Å"English† (5) and â€Å"Spanish† (6) and also with â€Å"Mexicans† (14) and then with â€Å"Americans† (15). The poem also has rhythm, it is a low steady beat. It is a straightforward poem about how life is for a person with the same race/ethnicity as others and at the same time, different from others. The poem â€Å"Legal Alien† is about a woman of Mexican parents, who is born and raised in America. An American citizen established by law, but at the same time this person feels like an illegal alien because of how some people treat her. She is fluent in both, English and in Spanish. Feels American because she is, but at the same time she doesn’t. She is looked at by Americans (Anglos) as inferior, and looked at by Mexicans like she doesn’t belong. They make her feel like she is not one of them, like she doesn’t fit anywhere. â€Å"An American to Mexicans a Mexican to Americans a handy token sliding back and forth between the fringes of both worlds† (14-18).Wha Rosa PantojaPeriod 110/9/12Ms. HamptonAmerican literatureLegal Alien EssayThe beliefs of the contemporary time period is that the voices of all cultures, ethnicgroups, gender, and nationalities should be heard and poetry is universal and speaks to allpeople regardless of their background. In the poem Legal Alien by Pat Mora, the literary devicesthat Pat Mora uses are metaphor and personification. These literary devices help reveal the author’s message to the audience which are the Mexican-Americans. The metaphor show thatbeing Mexican-American has its advantages and the personification shows the disadvantages of how people view Mexican-American.Pat Mora uses metaphor to reveal the message that being Mexican-Americans has anadvantage to the audience. In line 16 â€Å"a handy token sliding back and forth betwee. n the fringes of both worlds†¦Ã¢â‚¬  this is a metaphor because she is comparing herself to a token. She comparesherself to a token because tokens usually have two sides to it, and she is implying that she alsohas two sides because she is Mexican and American. P at Mora uses â€Å"handy token† because she says that it is an advantage because she can go between the borders of being Mexican andbeing American. Pat uses the word â€Å"fringes† instead of using the word border because the fringe is bringing both sides of the world together and a border separates the two worlds of Americans and Mexicans, and by her being Mexican- American she is bringing both of thoseworlds togethe.

Accounting and Finance for Managers Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Accounting and Finance for Managers - Assignment Example their was no empirical evidence to indicate that ABC eliminated unnecessary overhead costs and improved the profitability of companies post-implementation (Shim & Stagliano, 1997; Foster & Swenson, 1997; Chenhall & Langfield-Smith, 1998). During the last century, accurately accounting for overhead costs posed a major challenge for management accountants. Conventional allocation methods tended to distort product costs and Activity-Based Costing emerged as a realistic alternative to address this problem. This paper provides a brief overview of the origins of ABC and explores the theoretical foundation of ABC as a management and cost control system. The paper then discusses the major strengths and limitations of the ABC model and provides a practical example of how ABC has been fully integrated into the strategic management systems of a successful manufacturing company in Qatar. Activity-based Costing has gone through three distinct phases in its development. Each phase has its origins in one of the following theoretical constructs; the Japanese management movement, the total quality management and continuous improvement framework and Six Sigma modelling. The application of these theoretical models to the development of ABC is discussed below. Activity-Based Costing began to draw the attention of European and American companies in the early 1980s. Firms in the manufacturing and technology sectors in Japan were gaining global pre-eminence with respect to their product quality and significant profit margins while competitors in the West struggled to contain costs and to develop innovative manufacturing processes. Turney (2005), notes that companies such as Toyota and Sony were heralded as global leaders and as a result, their internal organizational processes were analyzed in minute detail and replicated by their competitors in the West. It soon became apparent that the traditional accounting methodology of allocating overhead costs uniformly across the various

Stylistic anaylsis on drama text Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Stylistic anaylsis on drama text - Essay Example Despite being a king, who is powerful, Arthur does not through back insults at the man who continuously insults him. The second character, who is Man, is a disrespectful and arrogant person. He haughtily talks to King Arthur. He abuses him and calls him names like pig and dog. He does not respect the fact that Arthur is a king. The other character in the play, who is Galahad, is an interrogative person. He asks what the man was doing in England and if there was someone else they could talk to. Turn taking and topic control Conversations require to be controlled. There are norms to guide who talks and at what time. There are two steering norms in conversations (Short, 1996). These are: 1. One person to talk at a time 2. There should be no silence spells. The above helps a conversation to be smooth. In the extract below, questions have been used to signal the turn of the next speaker. Man: ’Allo. Whoo is eet? Arthur: I am King Arthur and these are my Knights of the Round Table. Whose castle is this? Man: This is the castle of my master, Guy de Loimbard. In the extract below, the norm of turn taking has been ignored. Man speaks even before Arthur passes his point. This is a sign of some misunderstanding. Arthur: Now look here, my good man†¦ Man: I don’t want to talk to you no more, you empty-headed animal food trough†¦ The rule of topic control has been violated in the text. The subject matter in the conversation was King Arthur and his men seeking for accommodation in Guy de Lombard’s castle. As the conservation goes on, man deviates from the subject matter by naughtily telling King Arthur that his matter already has one and it is nice. This leads to the conversation being agitated, Man throwing insults at Arthur and ends up with one of Arthur’s men being killed. Conservational implicatures Conversational implicatures occur when one flouts a conversational maxim so as to pass intendedinformation which has not been literary ex pressed,(Wilson & Sperber 1981).In the text in question, there are instances where conversational maxims have been flouted to pass a supplementary meaning which has not been literally brought out. For example, the maxim of quality has been violated in the dialogue below from the extract. Arthur: Are you sure he’s got one? Man: Oh yes. It’s very nice. Fromthe above, man has violated the maxim of quality. He gives more information than simply doing what he has been requested to do. He wants Arthur to know that not only has his master got it but what he has is also nice. There is also an instance where the maxim (Wilson & Sperber, 1981) of manner has been violated. The speaker is unintelligible and purposely confusing when he responds to a question or when it is his turn to speak. The speaker fails to be concise and brief. In the example below; Arthur: If you will not show us the Grail we shall storm your castle. Man: You don’t frighten us, English pig-dog. Go and boil your bottom, son of a silly person. I blow my nose on you so-called Arthur King, you and your silly English k†¦.niggets. We see that man gets out of topic and starts throwing insults at King Arthur. He does that to show what he feels about King Arthur. We also notice a conversational impl

Ethics in Flatliners Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethics in Flatliners - Essay Example Flatliners is one of the movies that depict the theme of ethics among other themes. Flatliners explores the issue of life and death in an articulate and ingenious way. The characters in the movie, led by Nelson seek to experience life after death by â€Å"flatlining.† The whole experience by Nelson and his medical students is centered on ethics. At one instance, Rachel Manus told Julia Roberts that she is doing much better. This paper briefly discusses why it was ethical for Rachel Manus to say that.The scenario happened when Manus was treating Julia as one of her patients. Manus, a medical student with Nelson, was mandated to oversee the recovery of patients. It happened that one of the patients, Julia, was struggling with recovery. In their conversation, Manus told Julia that she was doing much better in recovery. Although Julia was not on the best route to recovery, Manus encouraged her. This was an ethical approach. It is undeniable that telling the truth is one of the pri mary codes of ethics, especially in the professional field. However, there are times when the truth will do more harm than good. For instance, telling patients that they are not likely to recover from an illness will surely jeopardize their recovery. Therefore, it is ethical to give them encouraging words that would stimulate recovery even when there is little hope. In this context, Manus was ethically justified to tell Julia Roberts that she was doing much better. This is because she had good intentions when she was saying the words.

Report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Report - Research Paper Example For this reason, one should start with writing a draft, which helps one to identify the mistakes – both stylistic and grammatical, the flow as well as check for any information omitted (Bowden, 2004). One should follow an outline to ensure all information that is supposed to be in the report is included. Moreover, one should find out, for instance asking from the supervisor what is expected and if there is a standard format to be followed. If there are any sample reports available, it is advisable to go through them and if applicable utilize them as a model for the report to be written. Another way to write a concise and complete report is to take time to choose what information will be put into the report i.e. how brief or detailed it should be. When compiling and writing the report, the researcher ought to keep in mind the nature of the audience. The report should start with a clear, brief proclamation of the research aspirations and later, an explanation of the research pla n. A summary of major findings should come next. The report should end with a presentation of the recommendations and conclusions and any available exhibits appended. Finally, it is important to note that, report writing, like any skill, improves with practice. The use of computers can significantly facilitate report compiling and writing (Mooi & Sarstedt, 2011). The market research issue covered in the call center report is determine how long the customers have to wait to access customer service of various companies through a phone call (Collier, 2009). The major market research issues and outcomes are well outlined - how long different companies take to answer the call, whether it is an automated message or a person and overall quality of the customer service. The language used is objective, factual and user-friendly comparing and rating the companies depending on the findings. The research design and processes are adequately reported and the

What use is the Westminster model of British Government Essay

What use is the Westminster model of British Government - Essay Example A number of alternative models suggest that the future relations modelled is shared a path with Norway. Previously Norway was a non EU member like many states. On the contrary, the â€Å"Norwegian model† has been faced by increased interest from those in Britain wishing to a separate partnership with Brussels whereas at the same time insisting on benefitting from inner markets (Mcannulla, 2006, pg.17). Last autumn, British parliamentarian’s visited Norway to learn on Norwegian EU experience. Issues arose on whether Norwegian style was the viable political option for Britain. Initially, British influenced Norway’s integration in the EU. Both Macmillan and Wilson governments opted for British membership for common markets in the 1960s, and expected Norway’s also to follow suit. Furthermore, as a result of the popular rejection in Norway’s 1972 referendum, the two countries parted ways (Baker & Seawright, 1998, 14). In 2013, Britain and Norway have exceeded forty years on opposite sides on regard to EU membership. In Britain, request for deeper relation with European integration are met with contentions. Domestic debate concerning the current EU relations have shown capacity to initiate tension within and between parties and prone to destruction of any governing coalition. Hindrance exists on partnership between Norway and Britain on EU context (Hay, 2007, pg.10). Arguments for and against devolution was a major issue during the 1997 election campaign devolved power has been an issue with British politics. John Prescott claims that he wants to devolve more power to the geographical area within England. Scotland and Northern Ireland possess their own different cultures not similar with United Kingdom (Beloff, 1996, pg.13). Therefore, to expect residents of these regions to concur with laws, decisions and rules made in London are seen as wrong and irrational. Power should be dispersed from London to other regions. Government in

Downsizing and Globalization In the USA and the UK Assignment

Downsizing and Globalization In the USA and the UK - Assignment Example The cost is the international rationalization process, which is currently wreaking havoc in the labor market, particularly in certain parts of Europe. The primary reason for the adoption of downsizing and globalization strategies by firms is to achieve cost-cutting and increase revenue by capturing the global market (Scholte, 2005:132). However, this results in serious implication for the economy of the country of origin, as more workers lose their jobs and plunge into poverty, which significantly reduces the standards of living. The cost is the international rationalization process, which is currently wreaking havoc in the labor market, particularly in certain parts of Europe. The primary reason for the adoption of downsizing and globalization strategies by firms is to achieve cost-cutting and increase revenue by capturing the global market (Scholte, 2005:132). However, this results in serious implication for the economy of the country of origin, as more workers lose their jobs and plunge into poverty, which significantly reduces the standards of living. Reasons for Downsizing In essence, downsizing refers to the planned elimination of jobs or positions. Many corporations and business have used, or are likely to use, the strategy to achieve different goals. In the United States, for instance, approximately 43 million jobs were slashed off between 1979 and 1995. Evidently, this is a significant portion of the workforce (Archibald, 2009:321). Companies adopt downsizing measures due to a number of factors that affect the organizational and work structure, including computerization, consolidations, globalization, and divestment. These factors create a new attitude towards employment, a new workforce, and over and above all, reduced job morale, and security. The prevalent increase in global business has led to more competition in the marketplace (Slaughter and Swagel, 1997). In addition, the increasing rate of technological advancement enables businesses to achieve higher productivity and run their global businesses smoothly.  Often, companies are unable to keep up with the enormous technological advancement introduced into the market every month. The subsequent shift from producing products to providing services often leads to reengineering and downsizing of many companies. Companies employ downsizing strategies in financial attempts to produce larger revenue margins. Holding other factors constant, the fewer the employees a company has, the more productive and efficient the workplace. Conventionally, the remaining workers feel obliged to become more efficient in quality and speed, as well as the significant reduction in the use of company resources (Archibald, 2009:325).

Research primer(hip hop) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Research primer(hip hop) - Assignment Example As mentioned in K. Blow’s composition of â€Å"If I Ruled the World† which initiates with ‘If I ruled the world, was king on the throne I’d make peace in every culture, build the homeless home / I’m not runnin’, for Congress or the President / I’m just here, to tell the world, how my story went’, already the rapper’s aim or how he would manage to proceed from this stage becomes clear. A message of peace or unification upon a diverse culture and race is conveyed, being quite a necessity to express hope of ceasing discrimination and rigid social structure in a society where poor continue to get by a rather low quality of living. Similarly, the song points out well how a huge change or reform must be taken by the government officials for any intended progress to create impact especially upon the social security and impoverished state of economy among mass communities. During this period, the global economic condition occurred to be heading towards an increased level of decline while most public officials kept their corrupt deeds as exclaimed in ‘To fight crime and hunger and poverty / ‘Cause the African baby is dyin’ overseas / While you sucker mission politicians bustin’ out Zs .. ... It is obvious that there were those poor individuals who had liberation sought by personal means, regardless whether such influence would uphold their welfare or not, just so they could overcome poverty, identity crisis, or any other related associated conflicts that seemed beyond imaginable remedy. No significant departure from this idea can be detected in the other piece of â€Å"If I Ruled the World† according to joint performances of Nas and Lauryn Hill. Apart from coincidence, one may find striking semblance between choruses as when Nas sang ‘If I ruled the world / Imagine that / I’d free all my sons, I love ‘em love ‘em baby / Black diamonds and pearls / Could it be, if you could / be mine, we’d both shine / If I ruled the world / Still livin’ for today, in / these last days and times’ in concrete detail which Kurtis shortened to ‘If I ruled the world.. Huh-huh, huh-huh / I’d love all the girls.. I love ‘em love ‘em baby!! Black diamonds and pearls.. ooh yeah / If I ruled the world’. Here, the noticeable intersection with phrases ‘black diamonds and pearls’ and ‘love ‘em’ sounds emphatic in an intention to signify unity between the Blacks and the Whites. While Kurtis Blow did not obtain much success with his musical career after the release of â€Å"The Breaks† and his biggest UK hit single due largely to being independent or labelled as an underground rapper, Nas took on his passion onto a degree that combines his rapping talent with acting. As a son of jazz musician Olu Dara, he was born and raised in the Queensbridge housing projects in New York City. He managed to attain a higher order of literacy which is very much recognizable in most of his lyrics though he actually

Effective communication skills are essential for working in health and Essay

Effective communication skills are essential for working in health and social care - Essay Example Therefore, it has been suggested that people working in health and social care environments should be able to organize a conversation for effective communication. When a speaker is organized, there would be a smooth flow of communication and the result would be an understanding between the people communicating. The health care provider must understand the conversation cycle and look for other means the patient may be communicating such as the use of non-verbal communication. Therefore, the worker should also be able to interpret and understand non-verbal communication. In addition, the caregiver should also understand cultural differences in order to understand what is being communicated by the patient and s/he would also know how to tell things to the patient. Asking questions is another skill that health and social care providers must be proficient in because they are able to bring out more necessary information about their clients through questioning. Lastly, they should also have listening skills, understanding what is said between the lines and not just grasping meanings from spoken words. There are indeed many facets of communication and these should be mastered for effective communication. ... Although it is not specifically the intent of this brief research to discuss the level to which communications within healthcare and social care can affect each and every shareholder, it is worth mentioning, and will be briefly discussed, the level to which communications ultimately leads to a clearer and more nuanced approach to healthcare and social care even within the healthcare community and the many shareholders this ultimately represents. Although the term communications encompasses a great many mechanisms, theories, and constructs, the term itself, with relation to healthcare and social care can be simply defined as â€Å"the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve the quality of healthcare and social care provision† (BTEC 2010, p. 3). As such, communication within healthcare takes on a variety of forms in order to achieve a desired result. Perhaps the most useful mechanism of the way that health promotion takes place is by engaging the indi vidual with the holistic nature of health. In this way, the overly used cliche – an ounce of cure is worth a pound of prevention comes into clear focus. It is this author’s belief that the holistic view of health is the most key and integral concept due to the fact that such an approach necessarily encompasses the other approaches – to include: the participatory nature of health, key/individual factors in promoting health, implementation of strategy to build health, and tallying key strengths/weaknesses to bolster overall health. In this way, promotion of the key concept of the holistic nature of health is a type of umbrella term that necessarily works to

The parallels between The Crucible and the Rwanda Genocide Essay Example for Free

The parallels between The Crucible and the Rwanda Genocide Essay The Parallels between The Crucible and The Rwanda Genocide The themes of justice, community and sacrifice in The Crucible are universal and can be identified in many modern events in history, including the Rwanda Genocide. The genocide in Rwanda and The Salem Witch Hunts in The Crucible have many striking similarities, primarily these are: the hunting down and killing of a group of people identified as being different, the mass killing of people for no valid reason and the taking of revenge on a whole group of people for the acts of one or more individuals of that group. Common to these two events is the ruthless hunting down of victims. The judges in The Crucible pressure Abigail and the girls for the names of possible witches. Their mission is to convict as many as possible, without questioning if they may be innocent. The judges are merciless predators hunting their prey, exactly like the relentless Hutu’s seeking out the Tutsi’s in every part of Rwanda. The Hutu’s burst into people’s homes, ruthlessly searching for any Tutsi, ready to savagely torture them with machetes before killing them. Any Tutsi they find, regardless of age or sex, gets brutally slaughtered in order to totally eliminate the tribe. Another similarity is the relative escalation of death and murder once the trials/genocide had started. The numbers of deaths in The Crucible were much greater than anyone in the beginning could have predicted. Once Abigail realised the extent of the damage she had caused and saw how out of hand the trials had gotten, she fled. The violence in Rwanda reached extremes far greater than expected and became a genocide, resulting in the deaths of between 500 000-1 000 000 people, with thousands and thousands of brutally butchered corpses littering the streets. The motive behind both events is revenge. In The Crucible, Abigail initially uses the idea of witchcraft to save her own skin, she then realises that she can use it as excuse to seek revenge on Elizabeth Proctor for dismissing her and destroying her relationship with John Proctor. Similarly, the Hutu’s seek revenge on the Tutsi’s for shooting down their president, killing him and everyone else in the airplane. The Hutu’s believe the Tutsi’s were trying to regain power. There was a long history of rivalry and violence between these two tribes and the killing of the president was the catalyst ignited the voracious flames of revenge. The Hutu’s began their manhunt to find and kill the Tutsi’s in revenge for the years of perceived oppression  when the Tutsi’s ruled Rwanda. Like John Proctor in The Crucible, there too is a protagonist in the Rwanda Genocide – Paul Rusesabagina. They both display strength in standing up for what is right, they refuse to betray their friends and they both show great courage to do what is right, even if it means sacrificing themselves. In The Crucible, as things start to get out of hand, John takes it on himself to stand up to the authority and set things right. Even when standing up against the church places suspicion on him, John will not compromise his beliefs and fights for what he believes is right. This is the same fight Paul Rusesabagina undertakes. Paul refuses to fall into the violence and hatred between the Hutu’s and Tutsi’s. He questions the idea that Hutu’s are better than Tutsi’s. He himself, a Hutu, is married to a Tutsi and he will not let himself be threatened into changing his beliefs or into following what the other Hutu’s are doing. As a Hutu, Paul is expected to despise the Tutsi’s and to be a part of the violence and the killing. Instead he takes in the homeless, terrified Tutsi refugees and turned the hotel he was managing into a refugee camp. Paul knew that he and his family would be killed if the Hutu’s discovered what he was doing, but he did not falter. He took them in, protected them and provided for them when no one else had the courage to. He refused to betray or abandon his family and friends or his people. He saved the lives of 1 268 refugees through his sheer strength, intelligence, perseverance and bravery. Paul’s refusal to betray his people to save himself is strikingly similar to John’s refusal to betray his friends. Although his betrayal would have saved his life and allowed him to be with his family, he could not do it. John’s refusal to betray his friends leads to the ultimate sacrifice. His final act of defiance, to refuse to be part of something untruthful, ultimately led to his death. This emphasises his strength of character and his immense courage. Like John Proctor, Paul also made sacrifices and took great risks. Paul sacrifices his home, his job, the safety of his family and was even willing to sacrifice his life to save the lives of people he didn’t even know, but was willing to protect. He gave help to anyone who needed it,  Hutu or Tutsi. Both of these acts of sacrifice, from just one individual, led to the saving of many lives. The themes of justice, community and sacrifice in The Crucible are universal and timeless. The Crucible teaches us about these themes and teaches us to identify them in historical events. The baseless killing of innocent people simply because they belong to a certain group is repeated over and over in history along with how the courage of one or many individual/s can lead to the saving of multiple lives. There are always individuals in brutal situations who display enormous courage and humanity in standing up for what is right and not blindly following others; individuals who have the courage to question authority. The Crucible teaches us that the courage of one individual can save the lives of many if they only have the strength to question and to stand up for what they believe. The Crucible teaches us to identify these themes in real life events. In addition to the Rwanda Genocide, the relevance of The Crucible is manifested in other recent situations, we only have to consider school girl Malala Yousafzi who was shot in the head by the Taliban after speaking out and standing up for the right of girls to go to school in Afghanistan. The themes of justice, community and sacrifice are evident in The Crucible and The Crucible teaches us to recognise them in real life situations and teaches us the importance of courage and sacrifice, and the great impact that one brave individual can have in a horrific and seemingly hopeless situation.

Globalisation Increasing Economic Inequality Economics Essay

Globalisation Increasing Economic Inequality Economics Essay Globalisation has been integral in the way the world is shaped today; politically, culturally, and especially, economically and technologically. It can be described as the process in which the nations of the world have become more connected, and as McGrew (1992) expresses, the effects of changes in one country become felt around the whole world. Often this interconnectivity is beneficial, as countries experience growth due to sharing advances in technology and expanding markets. However, globalisation does not benefit all equally. There is also the ugly side of globalisation; the exploitation of developing countries, the monopolisation of industries by giant corporations, and the effects of weak policy on a nation. While the idea of globalisation seems to embody ideals such as progress and development, it is not ideal as it currently stands, and the gap between the developed and developing world will not be closed if the paradigm does not change. Globalisation has affected the worlds economies to the degree that the current situation can be described as a global market where every entity is forced to compete on the same stage. This obviously disadvantages the smaller players in the world market, especially the independent manufacturers and producers, as they compete with multinational corporations. This is further compounded in developing nations where the systems that are in place are not as developed as in advanced nations. There are systems currently in place to counteract the monopolisation of dominant corporations such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and other countries have their own laws concerning the matter. However, many nations are being overrun by private monopolisation and find it difficult to thwart the power of dominant firms. The interest of private companies to establish their business in these developing nations brings the ideals of anti-competition; which are formed by a combination of globalisation and corruption. In Latin-America there was a study conducted by Clarke et al., (2005), stating that there was 28.7% monopolisation and abuse of dominance and 40% cartelisation. In retrospect, anti-competitive acts are still very high and developing nations may experience a political breakdown or failed state, due to the lack of good governance to provide opportunities for a competitive market, lack of purchasing power and a decreasing labour force. Countries like China and India which have strong monetary ties have become promising leaders in the global economy but they have left the poorer countries unable to compete on the same scale, snowballing the economic divide and limiting foreign direct investment. Some argue that the lack of western protection trade policies has assisted the position in which less developed countries find themselves. The influence of the USA on the world economy is the most obvious we hear about consumer taste being homogeni sed (Ravallion, 2004) to American tastes around the world, which can be demonstrated by the popularity of American brands like Apple and McDonalds; brands that dominate their respective markets on a global scale. Hence, while globalisation allows products to become more accessible by allowing consumers to exercise a freedom of choice, those companies who do not have the resources or systems in place to compete on the global stage are severely limited to the local market and hence are being left-behind. Another consequence of globalisation is that technology and travel is becoming cheaper and faster and it has become increasingly easy for one to interact with another person across vast distances. Distance is less of a problem than it was two hundred years ago and has fundamentally changed the economic system and ideals in positive and negative ways, bringing on a world void of boundaries (Ohmae, 1992). Today we can make a transaction with someone anywhere in the world due to the development of technology that aide in communication and advancement of transportation spreading the free-market around the world. However access to technology around the world is unequal. A large number of the populations in third world countries, such as in Africa, South East-Asia and South America, are impoverished in the information technology age. Although globalisation has the potential to spread technology, a digital divide exists due to the rapid pace at which technology is being developed. While Afr ica contains 15.2% (Population Reference Bureau, 2012) of the worlds population it only contains 2.0% of the worlds telephone mainlines and approximately 90% of internet host computers are concentrated in countries with high gross national income (The World Bank, 2000). Totero and Braun (2006) discuss that information technology has been found to be powerful tools in yielding income generation, enfranchisement and increase in productivity. Less developed countries are at a disadvantage because they may miss opportunities to create market prospects and enhance their countrys economic situation through better connectivity and staying competitive. For example, during tsarist Russia between 1881 and 1913, Minister of Finance Sergei Witte believed that for Russia to modernise they would have to follow in the footsteps of western societies to procreate their own industrial revolution. One of his achievements was the Trans-Siberian Railway, which became a symbol of Russian enterprise. Howe ver, the Russo-Japanese War showed that due to the limitations of having a one-way railway line meant that inadequate provisions and reinforcements could not reach the front in time. Japan on the other hand had rapidly modernised along western lines and had encompassed better technology allowing them to win the war (Lynch, 2005). Overcoming the difference between the development of countries for the privileged and non-privileged will be a crucial challenge to rectify in the future. It hasnt just been technology that has affected the extent that globalisation has had an effect on economies. Governments have also played a major role on the extent of globalisation, mainly by removing the barriers that stop it from happening, which is a reflection of the ideals of neo-liberalism, such as privatisation and deregulation, which promotes globalisation. Privatisation is good news for the whole distribution of income earners due to the increase of access to services such as electricity and water. Before privatisation came about, access to services was limited due to the lack of competition resulting in higher prices. However, in small economies that have limited domestic competition and have big governments, larger companies who hold core market values under privatisation may not be able to tackle the pressure of international competition and may lose the benefits of privatisation, with their cash flow essentially being locked into investments. In Latin American countrie s such as Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico and other Caribbean countries, less than half of those nations championed privatisation as a heralding benefit. Political risks that arose in Mexico in the 90s, due to political turmoil, had bank owners and debtors trying to rescue the economic status. Privatisation in this case did not lighten inequality of income or privileges; rather it fixed the country into trying to alleviate the stress of the previous regime (Castaà ±eda Sabido, n.d.). Hence, privatisation is a viable prospect for some countries that could see benefits due to an increase in market competition, however it must be supported with strong institutions which support market transparency, and have freedom from political interventions. If these crucial supports are not established, privatisation may prove to only assist in furthering the gap of the economic statuses between nations. Globalisation produces an unequal distribution across different levels of income. This arises from the constraints of ineffective trade policy resulting in income declination for those in absolute poverty. A study on trade outcomes of the labour market and trade reform was discussed by Harrison (2007) examining reductions in tariffs in Mexico during the 80s and 90s. The results revealed a high rate of poverty was linked to the increase in import competition, which in turn increased the possibility of unemployment. Furthermore, external competition often drives prices down. This was illustrated in the study with an increase in corn imports resulting in cheaper Mexican corn. This did not benefit the Mexican farmers whose livelihoods depended on the real income provided by their crops. On the other side of the coin, the study also concluded that an increase in export growth resulted in a rise in minimum wage and a reduction of informal sector employment due to the increase of opportunit ies for companies to expand. Moreover, a burgeoning market provides more incentive for investors to invest in the local market. Thus, it becomes clear that effective trade policy is an essential key to paving the road towards a successful domestic market and thus alleviating some of the causes of poverty within a nation. The divide between the polarities of the economic spectrum is still increasing. The capability for multinational cohesion to enhance the economies and markets of nations, especially poorer nations is still constrained by the prerequisites of facilitating the adoption of globalisation. While larger nations and governments within nations have set policies and reforms to counteract the ugly side of globalisation there is still the prospect of hungry organisations that want to reap monetary gains indifferently. More competitive and transparent nations will gain more access to assets such as technology and useful forms of tools that will enhance the reaches of their own economic market but not necessarily help poorer nations with bettering their market outreach. Political and social tension is the result as poorer nations undergo challenging transitions to try and catch-up and reverse the worsening of economic inequality. Better protection is needed by making the market non-discriminatory by understanding negative spill over, in that, domestic finance and activity is sometimes worsened by the activity of offshore markets. Without this understanding, from both sides, the benefits of a more united and global market would undermine the development of the world.

Forces in Skeletal Structure of the Arm

Forces in Skeletal Structure of the Arm Bio Mechanics and Kinetics Task 1. Produce a labelled diagram showing the forces involved on the skeletal structure of a human arm as a weight is being held at a particular angle. Your report should use the principle of moments to fully describe all of the forces that are being applied at various points along the forearm through the muscle and tendons. (Assessment criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3) Skeletal muscles consist of many parallel fibres wrapped in a flexible sheath along a bone, narrowing at both ends into tendons. Some of the muscles thin into two or three tendons which are known as â€Å"biceps† and â€Å"triceps†. Muscle fibres contract after receiving an electrical signal from the nerve ending attached to them; hence the muscles shorten and a pulling force is sensed by the two bones. Primarily, the main function of the muscles is to pull and not to push. As part of this task, I am going to demonstrate the forces involved on the skeletal structure of the human arm when a weight is being held at a particular angle. The image below shows a free-body diagram illustrating the forces exerted on the forearm bar. According to the Laws of Statics such as Newton’s Law, the net force on the immobile bar must be zero, and the total torque (which will be discussed later) is also zero. Figure 1 Hence the forces acting on the forearm are its weight (W), the weight of the hand (H), force from the bicep muscle (B, which pulls upward the forearm at an angle ÃŽ ±) and the force from the humerus bone (A). The muscular system within the arm generates linear force. Linear force refers to the force that acts in straight line between the origin and the insertion. However the linear force is manifested by the rotational moment which is generated at the joint centre. This is due to the geometrical relationship between the lines of action of the muscles and the joint centre. The maximum force a muscle is able to exert is equivalent to its cross-sectional area, i.e. the legs are capable of lifting heavier load due to having greater cross-sectional area compared to the arms. Therefore the estimated maximum force a muscle can apply is about 7106 dyn/cm2 = 7 x 105 Pa = 102lb/in2. The formula to calculate the moment of force is: For example, if an arm (weighing 7kg) lifts a load of 5kg by 1cm, what is the moment of force applied on the arm? Firstly I will need to find the force of both objects, by using this formula: Where acceleration is 9.8m/s (Earths gravitational field, since it is constant). The force of the object = 5kg X 9.8m/s = 49N The force of the arm = 7kg X 9.8m/s = 68.6N Therefore the moment of a force =49N X 0.01m = 0.49Nm The moment of force of 0.49Nm is applied on the arm. The various joints in the body are known as levers which causes rotations about a fulcrum (axis rotation). This is used to figure out the forces exerted by the muscles such as lifting loads and transfer movement from one point to another. For a lever, the force F required to balance a load of weight (W) is: Where d1 and d2 are the lengths of the lever arms (illustrated in figure 2) If d1 is 5cm and d2 is 35cm, find out the force required to balance the weight of 5kg. Using the above formula: Therefore, a force of 0.71Nm is required to balance the weight of 5kg on the arm. If the load is close to the fulcrum, the mechanical advantage is greater (d12); hence if it is far away then it is smaller (d2> d1). Therefore the mechanical advantage may increase or decrease depending on the distances from the fulcrum. We can also measure torque (any point of the fulcrum), which refers to the force applied over a distance (lever arm) that causes rotations of the fulcrum. The torque is dependent on three variables: amount of force, angle of application of force and the length of the moment arm/ R. As mentioned above in figure 1, the total torque is equal to zero;. The following formula is used to calculate Torque Ï„: Where F is the force (0.71Nm), R is the distance from the location force is applied to the joint (moment arm) (35cm) à Ã‚ ´ is the angle between the force and the radial line I will now find out the torque for the same question, if the angle is 20 °; This links in with the above statement of the total torque being equal to zero. I am now going to discuss about the elbow and the forces applied to it. There are many properties which can be used to calculate the forces of the biceps: the angle of the elbow; the length of the upper and lower arm bone; and the distance from the bone to the location the muscle is attached to. I will now use this formula to find out the force exerted by the biceps (equilibrium) in holding the object, which is the sum of the clockwise moments about any points, equals the sum of the anticlockwise moments about the same point: Taking 5cm from bone to the biceps attachment; The force exerted by the biceps holding the object is 891.8N. Similarly, we can also measure the tension of the bicep/arm holding the object. The image below shows an arm being held out and elevated from the shoulder by the deltoid muscle. The forces can be measured the taking the sum of the torques (of the shoulder joint, the tension (T) can be calculated: Where W1 is the weight of the arm, W 2 is the weight of the object Using the above question; if = 20; the weight of the arm (W1) is 68.6N and the weight of the object (W2) is 49N, then calculate T: = 113.96N Therefore the force needed to hold up the bicep/arm at 20, is 113.96N. Task 2. A) You must complete the energy changes/momentum worksheet. Assessment criteria 2.3,2.4 See attachments b) You must produce a report that describes the equations of motion needed to calculate the range and maximum height that a projectile thrown by a human can achieve. This report must include examples of both the range equation and maximum height equation. You could use a sports person throwing a ball as an example. A projectile is any object that has been thrown or shot by a human (measures projectile motion). Projectiles are affected by two factors: gravity (Horizontal motion) and air resistance (vertical motion which is the force of gravity pulling down the object). As part of this task I am going to carry out various calculations to find out the range and maximum height that a golf ball can achieve when a golf player hits the ball. A golfer hits a ball so that it moves off with a speed of 37m/s at an angle of 45. I am going to calculate how far the ball goes; the maximum height it will reach; and how long it takes for the ball to get there. Firstly, I am going to use the following formula to calculate how far the ball travels; Where R is the range/resultant (how far the ball goes), V0 is the initial velocity of the ball speed (37m/s) g is the gravity (9.8m/s) also can be used as (a) since it is constant à Ã‚ ´ is angle of the ball (45 °) Therefore; Hence, when a ball is hit with a speed of 37m/s at 45 °, the ball will go far as 139.7m. Secondly, I will calculate the maximum projectile height (how high a ball will go) by using the following method; Where Ymax is the maximum projectile height that the ball will go The maximum projectile height that a ball will reach is 34.9m. The final calculation that I am going to carry out is the flight time so that I can find out how long it takes for the ball to get there. I will use the following method; Where Tflight is the time flight of how long it takes for the ball to reach there. The flight time for the ball to get there is 5.3s. Using the same question, I now want to find out how far the ball travels horizontally from A to C and the time that the ball is in the air, ignoring any air resistance and taking g = 10ms-2. Firstly, I will calculate the time that the ball is in the air for, by using the following formula; I need to find out the vertical motion from A to B first = 90 ° 45 ° = 45 ° Formula; Where v is the final velocity (0 since it is moving horizontally), u is the initial velocity (37m/s x cos 45) is 26.16m/s a is the acceleration (10m/s) t is the time Therefore; , so the time it takes from A to C is twice this I will now look at the horizontal motion from A to C. Horizontal component of velocity. This is constant during motion. Horizontal distance = horizontal velocity X time of flight Therefore the horizontal distance the ball travels from A to C is 136.8m. Task 3. You must produce a report showing how the variation of blood pressure affects the human body. Your report must include calculations to determine pressure based on area or density values. Assessment criteria 3.1,3.2 Bernoulli’s Principles explains that flowing blood has different speeds and therefore different kinetic energies (KE) at different parts of the arteries. It determines the relationships between the pressure, density and velocity at every point in a fluid. Bernoulli’s Principle was discovered by a Swiss physicist called Daniel Bernoulli in 1738. He has demonstrated that as the velocity of fluid flow increases, its pressure decreases. Flowing blood has mass and velocity. The mean velocity squared (V2) is equal to the kinetic energy. The image below demonstrates the variance of kinetic energy at different parts of the vessels and also shows the theory of Bernoulli’s Principle: Therefore KE =  ½ mV2. As we know from above that blood flows inside arteries, were pressure is applied laterally against the walls of the vessel which is known as the potential or pressure energy (PE). The total energy (E) of the blood pressure within the artery is the sum of the kinetic and potential energies (presuming there are no gravitational effects): E = KE + PE(where KE ∠ V2)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã†â€™ Therefore,E ∠ V2 + PE Similarly, Bernoulli’s Principle states that the sum of the Pressure (P), the kinetic energy per unit volume (1/2 pv2), and the gravitational potential energy per unit volume (pgy) has the same value at all points along a streamline. The equation below shows this: There are two vital theories that follow from this relationship, which includes: Blood flow driven by the variation in total energy between two points. Normally, pressure is considered as the driving force for blood flow but in fact it is the total energy that moves flow between two areas (i.e. longitudinally along a blood vessel or across a heart valve). KE is relatively low in most of the cardiovascular system; hence PE difference is the energy that drives flow. Similarly, is KE is high then the total energy increases which explains the flow across the aortic valve during cardiac ejection. This is because, as KE drives blood across the valve at a very high velocity, it ensures that the total energy (E) in the blood crossing the valve is higher than the total energy of the blood more distal in the aorta. KE and PE can be converted to maintain the total energy unchanged, which is the basis of Bernoulli’s Principle. This principle is basically about the blood vessel that is suddenly narrowed then returned to its normal diameter. The velocity increases as the diameter decreases in narrowed region (stenosis). Blood flow (F) is the mean velocity (V) and the vessel cross-sectional area (A) is directly related to diameter (D) (or radius, r2); hence V ∠ 1/D2. If the diameter is reduced by half in the region of the stenosis, the velocity increases 4-fold, due to KE ∠ V2, hence KE increases 16-fold. The image below demonstrates this: The image above shows the total energy being conserved within the stenosis (E actually decreases because of resistance), then the 16-fold increase in KE will decrease in PE. Once past the narrowed segment, KE will go back to its pre-stenosis value as the post-stenosis diameter is the equal to the pre-stenosis diameter, hence flow is conserved. Due to the resistance of the stenosis and turbulence, the port stenosis PE and E will both fall. Therefore, blood flowing at greater velocities has greater ratio of KE to PE. As we know, blood pressure is the force of fluid against the walls of the arteries, similar to how water exerts the pressure inside aplastic pipe. It is made up of systolic and diastolic pressure. Systolic pressure is the top figure and relates to when the heart is contracting (beating) and forcing blood through the arteries and transporting it to the rest of the body i.e. brain, kidneys etc. The normal values for systolic pressure is from 120-139mmHg. Diastolic pressure is the bottom figure and is linked to when the heart is relaxing. The normal value for diastolic pressure is between 80-89mmHg. Hence, if the values exceed these numbers, then it is considered to be hypertension. Hypertension is high blood pressure which is caused by the increased force of blood flowing through the arteries. Healthy arteries are flexible, strong and elastic. Inner lining of the arteries are smooth allowing the blood to flow freely, supplying important organs and tissues with adequate nutrients andoxygen. Hypertension can gradually lead to wide range of problems such as damaging the cell’s inner lining of the arteries; hence releasing a cascade of events that causes the artery wallsthick and stiff (called arteriosclerosis), or hardening of the arteries. Similarly, the fats from the diet enter the bloodstream and passes through the damaged cells. However, plaques are prone to building up in the arteries leading to atherosclerosis. These changes lead to blocking blood flow to the heart, kidneys, brain, arms and leg. Heart: it causes coronary artery disease, which is narrowing of the arteries that doesn’t allow blood to flow freely through the arteries. Leading to chest pain, heart attack (myocardial infarction)or irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias). Hypertension can also cause enlarged left heart as the pressure forces the heart to work harder than necessary. Similarly, overtime the strain on the heart leads to the heart muscles to weaken and work less effectively causing the heart to wear out and fail. Brain: hypertension can cause mini-strokes (Transient ischemic attack (TIA)), which a temporary disruption of blood supply to the brain caused by blood clot or atherosclerosis. Similarly, it can lead to the full-blown stroke which happens when part of the brain is deprived of oxygen and nutrients leading brain cells to die. Uncontrolled hypertension damages and weakens the brains blood vessels, causing to narrow, rupture or leak. Narrowing and blockage of the brains blood vessels can also lead to Dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Kidneys: filters excess fluid and waste from the blood via a process that depends on healthy blood vessels. Hypertension can damage both the blood vessels and leading to the kidneys. This leads to various kidney diseases, failure and scarring of the kidney. Eyes:- Blood vessels supplies blood to the eyes; hence high blood pressure can damage the blood vessel (retinopathy) Reference http://www.bhf.org.uk/heart-health/conditions/high-blood-pressure/blood-pressure-research.aspx 22nd October 2013 http://www.bhf.org.uk/heart-health/conditions/high-blood-pressure.aspx 22nd October 2013 http://www.webmd.boots.com/hypertension-high-blood-pressure/guide/diastolic-systolic 24th October 2013 http://edition.cnn.com/HEALTH/library/high-blood-pressure/HI00062.html 24th October 2013 http://amazinghumanbody-prakash.blogspot.co.uk/2009/10/skeletal-system.html 25th October 2013 http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/armandshoulder/arm_and_hand.shtml 26th October 2013 http://www.cvphysiology.com/Hemodynamics/H012.htm 26th October 2013 http://www.bu.edu/gk12/kai/Lesson%206/BP_Back.pdf 27th October 2013 http://mysite.verizon.net/fvozzo/genphys/lecture.html 27th October 2013 http://muscle.ucsd.edu/musintro/ma.shtml 29th October 2013 http://www.as.wvu.edu/~rbrundage/chapter8b/sld015.htm 29th October 2013 http://www.answers.com/topic/projectile-motion 30th October 2013 http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2011/10/optimizing-a-basketball-shot/ 1st November 2013 http://demoweb.physics.ucla.edu/node/28 25th November 2013 http://www.medicalphysics.org/apps/medicalphysicsedit/WebPOTB.pdf 25th November 2013 http://physics.eou.edu/opensource/physics/projectile.pdf 27th November 2013 http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=14ved=0CG8QFjANurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wooster.edu%2F~%2Fmedia%2Ffiles%2Facademics%2Fresearch%2Fhhmi%2Fresources%2Flectures%2Fhuman-arm-goniometer.ashxei=bnakUuzDC6yg7AbX5oGYCQusg=AFQjCNFMTH1EmPzRvKvptZu4R7_XUpFKPwbvm=bv.57752919,d.ZGU 28TH November 2013 Dobson et al. (2002). ‘ Collin advanced – Physics’. Collins eduction : London Rounce, J.F and Lowe, T.L. (1992). ‘Calculations for A level Physic’. Second edition. Stanley Thornes: Britain Boutal et al. (2008). ‘AS-Level physics – exam board’. Coordination group publications CGP: Newcastle Tsokos, KA. (2008). ‘Physics for the IB Diploma’. Fifth edition. Cambridge university press: united kingdom Johnson et al. (2000). ‘Advanced physics for you’. Nelson Thornes: united kingdom

Comparing and contrasting Not My Best Side and Warning Not my Best and

Comparing and contrasting Not My Best Side and Warning Not my Best and Warning are about stereotypes and how these poems go against that. In not my best side the stereotype is that the three characters are meant to go with their roles, good the knight... Comparing and contrasting Not My Best Side and Warning Not my Best and Warning are about stereotypes and how these poems go against that. In not my best side the stereotype is that the three characters are meant to go with their roles, good the knight, bad the dragon and helpless the princess but don’t. In Warning the old woman is going to go against society by wearing clothes, which do not go, and buying items, which are useless. Not my best side is about Uccellos painting of St George and the Dragon the poet tried to put words to the people in it. The narrative of this poem is it goes through all the people in the poem starting with the dragon then the princess then the knight. First the Dragon says how the artist did not let him pose properly and how he could not draw anything apart from triangles as if he were mocking the artist. Then he starts to mock his conqueror and his horse by saying it has a deformed neck and square hoofs. Then starts to insult his victim by Saying she is â€Å"Unattractive as to be inedible† which means he would never eat something that ugly. After that he is a bit sarcastic by saying â€Å"I would have liked more blood to show they where taking me seriously† this means that he would have took more damage than that do kill him. The princess is saying she is not sure if she wants to be rescued. She had grown to like the dragon and even found him sexy. She says â€Å"He was so nicely physical, with his claws and lovely green skin, a... ...to be old and the poet is warning people that this is going to happen, so you better get used to it. It’s also about what society expects her. The form of the two poems is they have no rhyme scene and no metre. This is because the two poems are going against society so they are emphasising this. The question you should ask is do I want what society expects? Most of the time the answer will be yes but these poems have gone against that. Not my best side and warning are in 1st person talking about him or her. Also warning has varying line length, irregular, unstructured and varying line length. It has all these thing because again it is going against society. Not my best side and Warning both are about stereotypes and facing reality of life that everyone will grow old, or the reality of facing life alone. They all try and help prevent this from happening.

Brothers Karamazov: Life without Love :: essays research papers

Life without Love – The Malady of Death The Brothers Karamazov, is a novel which contains many themes presenting outlooks on faith, life, and love. The character of Ivan is the cornerstone which Dostoevsky uses to present these outlooks. It is suggested that Ivan suffers from â€Å"The Malady of Death†. The idea of the malady of death is presented in the novel, The Malady of Death, by Marguerite Duras. The malady of death can be thought of as a disease or disorder caused by a sort of spiritual malaise. The question asked than is; does Ivan Karamazov suffer from the malady of death? I believe that the novel clearly shows that Ivan does indeed suffer from the malady of death, but the question I pose is; at the end of the novel is he cured?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To start I’ll present the following question; what IS the malady of death? If one were to take into consideration the actual definition of the words in the phrase, the malady of death would mean the disease or disorder of death. The way that our texts have presented this is not all that different from the words’ actual meanings. In the Duras text the man is said to be suffering from the malady of death. Duras presents this idea by showing that life is nothing without love. On page 3 of The Malady of Death the prostitute asked the man what he wanted to try and his response was, â€Å"Loving.† The man in this text is incapable of loving and when he questions the prostitute as to why the malady of death is fatal, â€Å"... And also because he’s like to die without any life to die to, and without even knowing that’s what he’s doing,† was her response (pg. 19). This response suggests that people who suffer from the malad y of death have nothing to live for, a lack of faith so to speak, and thus don’t fight to stay alive. There is a spiritual malaise going on inside the person. Simply stated the malady of death can be thought of as life without love. Love of others, love of themselves, love of God, love of this world, a person who suffers from the malady of death is missing some or all of these â€Å"loves† which make life worth while. The first real look that we get of Ivan comes in Book V when he’s having lunch with Alyosha.

The Big Bang Theory Essay -- Science Astronomy Scientific Essays

The Big Bang Theory There have been many theories concerning what the universe looks like, how it became this way, and where it is going. The most popular theory that people hold today is that the universe began when all the matter ever present in the universe was contained in a tiny speck and that spec exploded. This is known as the Big Bang. This theory has developed a great deal since it was first conceptualized and continues to evolve today. Many different scientists have had a hand in this. Throughout time people have held different ideas of what the universe looks like, from the Aristotelian universe centered around the Earth to the Copernican universe with our Sun at the center. After Sir Isaac Newton invented physics, natural philosophers started to think that perhaps at one time there were no planets or stars but a cloud of matter. Then the gravity that is inherent to matter, which is what Newton explained, pulled the matter together into clumps and that is how the stars and planets formed. There has also been the question of how old the universe is. Until the theory of the Big Bang the most widely held belief was that which the Catholic church taught, that is that the world was created on October 23 at 9 o’clock in the morning 4004BCE. This is the date that Newton himself would have been taught. This was obtained by Archbishop James Ussher going through the Bible and recounting the generations of people born from Adam and Eve all the way up to Jesus. Scientists before the publication of Newton’s Principia did not argue this number, simply because they had no way of testing and refuting it. (Gribbin, 11) After Newton’s work, the scientific community finally had a place to start. Newton himself stated that a ... ...tant because it gives us a good scientific basis for the beginning of the universe and a tool to use to see how it will progress. The big bang may not give a beginning as precise as 9 o’clock October 23 4004 BCE, but we truly do believe that it is a great deal more accurate. References: - Gribbin, John. The Birth of Time. Yale University Press. New Haven. 1999. pp.221 - Goldsmith, Donald. The Runaway Universe. Perseus Books. Cambridge, Massachusetts. 2000. pp. 222 - Parker, Barry. The Vindication of the Bid Bang. Plenum Press. New York. 1993. pp. 339 - Trefil, James S. The Moment of Creation, Charles Scribner’s Sons. New York. 1983. pp. 217 - Schaefer Dr. Henry "Fritz" III. "The Real Issue, Stephen Hawking, The Big Bang, and God". 1994. Online. n. page Apr 20 2001. Available http://www.leaderu.com/real/ri9404/bigbang.html

Prayer In Public Schools Essay

The pros and cons of prayer in public schools have been debated for over forty years. The foundation of the United States is based on religious tolerance. The pilgrims came to this country because they were not free to worship and serve God leading to the guarantee of religious freedom in the Constitution. In years past, it was not acceptable in this country to proclaim disbelief in God.   Prayer in schools was an integral part of religious life. During the 1940’s and 1950’s, conservatives and liberals believed religion focusing on a personal relationship with Christ should be taught in schools (Zimmerman, pg. 1). It was not until the 1960’s that individuals began to have issues with this status quote. With more and more citizens coming forward to fight for their individual religious rights, it was decided by the Supreme Court that since everyone does not believe in God (or does not believe in the same God) open prayer should be removed from public schools. This does not mean that all prayer was removed from public schools. The 1962 ruling of the Supreme Court found organized school prayer unconstitutional (Manegold, pg. 1), which means that students can still pray privately. Yet, some people still found this unacceptable. No matter what side of the issue someone sits on, the fight surrounding prayer in public schools is deep and long-running. â€Å"Separation of church and state is a fundamental premise of our Constitution and our country,† (pbs.org, pg. 1). Prayer represents church and the Supreme Court and public schools represent state. The Constitution infers that the two should never meet. Those who oppose prayer in schools, first argue that prayer in public schools bring church and state together. The 1962 decision brought a surprising number of religious supporters. Martin Luther King Jr. was one such supporter. â€Å"It’s prayer decision was sound and good,† King declared, â€Å"reaffirming something that is basic in our Constitution, namely separation of church and state† (Zimmerman, pg. 1). Pastors and proclaimed Christians supported the Supreme Court because they did not want the state or government mixing in church affairs. Another argument focuses on personal rights guaranteed by the Constitution. As citizens of the United States, every person is guaranteed certain rights and public prayer impinges on those rights. Personal religious beliefs should not be forced onto someone else. Everyone has a right to pray and believe in what they want, whenever they want. The 1st â€Å"amendment sets out the principles regarding religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.   Basically, it protects our rights to worship as we want, say what we want, publish what we want, gather in groups, and make our concerns known to the government.   It also prohibits the government from identifying with a particular religion; effectively separating church and state† (pbs.org, pg. 1). When students are allowed to prayer publicly, the issue of others imposing their personal beliefs on others will occur. Prayer in school inhibits personal and guaranteed rights.   Supporters of prayer in public schools believe the Supreme Court has overstepped its authority. â€Å"The supreme Court†¦serves to clarify, refine and test the ideals written into the Constitution (pbs.org, pg. 1). It is their job to interpret the Constitution when lawsuits are filed concerning Constitutional laws. As a result of restricted prayer in public school, supporters of prayer continue to flood Congress with proposals to â€Å"keep the issue alive†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Zimmerman, pg. 1), fighting to bring organized prayer back into public schools.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Supporters argue that the amount of violence in today’s schools is directly linked to the ban of prayer in schools. It is not just a matter of students fist fighting but violence often involve knifes and guns, resulting in deaths. â€Å"Juvenile delinquency is on the rise. America is in an advanced state of moral decline,† (Zimmerman, pg. 2). Those in favor of prayer in schools are convinced that if God is brought back into the classroom, the violence will stop. The Bible teaches against violence and teaches love and tolerance. Collective and organized prayer will bring students together and stop violence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The United States is a diverse country with millions of people who believe in different religions and serve different Gods (or the same God called by different names). Students have a right to go to school and not be made to feel uncomfortable because of public prayer. The problem with supporters of prayer in public schools is that they do not understand the Supreme Court’s 1962 ruling. The Supreme Court’s ruled organized prayer is unconstitutional. Students can still pray privately. There is no reason to have public prayer unless the goal is to sway individuals to a particular way of thinking. Twenty-two years before the 1962 ruling, in 1940, the Supreme Court ruled â€Å"that a public school may require students to salute the flag and pledge allegiance even if it violates their religious scruples† (pbs.org, pg. 2).   Although this ruling was overturned three years later, it shows how the subject of school and religion has always been a murky area. The issue of prayer in school remains â€Å"unsettled† from the Supreme Court to local governments to school officials (Manegold, pg. 1). The first amendment has guaranteed everyone the right to free speech, therefore, citizens of the United States will continue to fight for rights they believe have been infringed in any way. The debate over prayer in school has not ended and is not likely to end in the near future. Works Cited    Manegold, Catherine S. February 5, 1994. Senators Take a Cautious Stand on School Prayer. New York Times. Retrieved from http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html. PBS. April 5, 2001. â€Å"School and Religion.† Virginia. Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/newshour/extra/features/jan-june00/school_prayer.htm. Zimmerman, Jonathan. January 25, 2001. â€Å"The Other Massive Resistance: School Prayer and the Conservative Revolution, 1962-1984†. New York University. Retrieved from http://www.virginia.edu/uvanewsmakers/newsmakers/zimmerman.html.

Management performance: efficiency and effectivity

talent is the relationship between the authority and the end. It simply refers to the amount of resources used to carry out target production and troupe goals. The chief(prenominal) objective of which is to increase productivity by increasing respective efficiency at entirely levels. Where the concept of cognitive process value relies on the provision of technology, it integrates links of all key business functions and makes use of incorporated structured software to run and fuck the company. The philosophy of planning and organizing companys activities demands proper control and monitoring of its resources.This serves as the basis to making necessary dep artistic creationment of corrections and guidelines. Information technology (IT) therefore plays an Copernican role in the aspects of technology adaptation. Its brisk design is accessibility to information or speed of access created to fit aggregate client and business charge system. However, the principal(prenominal) co nsideration of the integration with IT is still the sight, and the workflow. Teamwork and focal point leadership are factors that shall still be mutually carried over the entire workflow. power aims to bring together knowledge, people and materials to achieved optimal results in market positioning. It entirely reflects the methods and the nitty-gritty to try to accomplish the plan.Strong oversight leadership in line with employee motivations greatly influences the effects of efficiency. To recapitulate efficiency enables the organic law to support the business by supplement on its integrated workflow focussing to customer relations management for lofty productivity. This ensures virtual service quality in simplified mapping call downments of the network action reporting capabilities.The basic key of the process is to align every diverse circumstances to vituperative information asymmetries that allows timing and fellowship in the cycle. Where the people are super mot ivated and is performing at high levels, organization doing always refers to the path and methods used to achieve corporate goals. It focuses on management of human, conceptual and technical skills to enhance flexibility through teamwork in the art of getting things done through people and integration of technology in an good manner.The diversity of the corporate culture call for solid management skills and action in creating the conditions and environment to manage and run the company in an efficient manner to patronise its long term existence. The results of which can be respectd on its productivity and effectivity. In comparison, effectivity is the operator to measure the methods and applications utilise to achieve corporate goals.Thus it is the assign involve in making an abbreviation of the result and efficiency of the management tools and skills be utilized by the current organizational system and practices. It utilizes systems thinking to assess convey and effect variables of its applications in the fundamental aspects of planning, organizing, leading, and commanding of each unit or section in reference to overall effectivity.power is the logical integration of people, equipment, and technology resources to make headway productivity and achieve end determine while effectivity measures the consistency of the means to achieve corporate goals by the measure of man-machine-systems efficiency and calculations of productivity ratios. Working in the efficiency of each idiosyncratic, machine, and technology performance is what defines the heart and soul of an organizations systems and procedures which aims to regulate management practices to enhance productivity.Efficiency is the primary indicator of either a successful or failing management performance. It can be improved at the same time only by making critical analysis of its efficiency by measures of the individual productivity. This measure of efficiency and productivity is the depute o r the concept of effectivity. (Daft 2004).ReferencesDaft, Richard. (2004). Management. South westbound College.

My Beach Memories

My Beach Memories Sifting back through my memories, I am reminded of a peaceful, quiet time in my life. My mind drifts own back to a happy place of relaxation and tranquility. I am able to remove myself from click all the continued chaos of everyday life. Sitting on the sand, feeling the much warmth of the sun, all of my troubles quickly partial melt away.Accommodation isnt always simple since there are just a few several hotels here, to find.Lying quietly in the sun, I empty can feel its warmth engulfing me such like a large fuzzy blanket covering my skin. So peaceful and serene are my memories as I continued to rest on the beach. I can stand still hear the crash of the water against the rocks. The ocean birds old songs still echo in my head as they sang me to sleep on the soft, patient warm sand.Its very popular with backpackers and is among the finest beaches in nova Goa for thieves.

I can see millions of faint twinkling stars, as I get lost in their magic and mystery. It seems as if time is frozen no worries or stress to cloud my mind.I can be free to dream and ponder over all of my desires. Sitting quietly on the beach, I can be free.Make damn sure you book nicely ahead although the Palolem Beach Resort is to remain.The moment we see the shore we can cross in the water wading or swimming .The beach how that is main is decent for swimming .

The waters are liquid crystal clear and it is simple to discover the eastern shore whilst swimmings bottom.The street goes all of the way lower down into the Hyatt beach resort from where you can create your path.Plus the 3 a la cartes werent bad in any way.Beach clubs might provide gourmet more food choices.

Actually, invite only provides a lot of shore club memberships.The direct result is a great bit of home decoration.There is an excellent good chance youll require both.Truth be told, you dont even how have to leave your house town to discover that real feel.

Middle Ages educations

reproduction is getting or conveyancing crude fri closedownship and in the a alike(p)(p)s of hom unmatchabler an blind of learn. philia Ages rearings energise varied fetch from Grecian facts of look. pedagogy in the plaza Ages to a s haleer extent or slight of the sight were un qualified(p) to discipline and indite and showing overlook of ending merely rough of the children who be gigantics to the fastness screen were educated. The Monks taught the woeful children on how to immortalise and spell a little. Grammar checkings where create for the nub menageme boys, and they break downed long hours in the grammar municipalate and the boys were shell with rods or twigs as their contrive of discipline. heart and soul be on study is black for the think that world(a) pedagogicsal invoice books pass off to twin errors and mis assurements. During the mettle ripen spot monks were the instructor for breeding to demo and drop a li ne Latin at the aim for boys. Latin is the study spoken communication use by the perform and bible. Literacy and information were increase and by fifteenth sensation C savants began to get h superstar- beat(a) of grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and euphony.At that fourth dimension trey of the macrocosm started to go through on how to acquire and write. During the in- amongst Ages, which were on the fifth to the fifteenth cytosine, messiahianity curiously popish Catholic perform operated the parishes, monastery and chapels at the primary(a) level. Schools in monasteries and cathedrals offered substitute(prenominal) commandment spell over much(prenominal)(prenominal) of the teaching in these schools was tell at learn Latin, the old roman print spoken communication employ by the church service service in its ceremonies and teachings. The church provided some(a) throttle opportunities for the teaching method of women in apparitional communities of convents ( level 2).The Grecian gods were some(prenominal) more(prenominal) down-to-earth and much slight horrendous than the opposed gods of the East. Because they were bring crime syndicate the bacon with clement qualities and stand for aspects of the physical terra firma, such as the sun, the moon, and the sea ( untainted ). In classic development quaint Greece girls intimate skills from their mothers like twist and moreover boys went to school at the get on with of vii. Girls acquire athletic competition and saltation for them to hold up perish and thinking(a) mothers of more soldiers. And those who blend to a blue family were accompany by a slave and most of the conviction if they file mistakes they were beaten. gibe was real thoroughgoing(a)In Sparta children were interact very harshly. At the get on of 7 boys were take from their families and displace to unrecorded in barracks. They were hard-boiled naughtily to resign them into unafraid(p) soldiers. They were measuredly unploughed piteous of pabulum so they would bring to steal-teaching them to thievery and cunning. They were whipped for umteen offenses. ( Lambert).The boys from Sparta became multitude cadets and learned the arts of fight and join the state militia which is a standing(a) taciturnity take disclose obtainable for responsibility in time of hint in which excessively they served until they reached the come along of sextupletty. Sparta also provided experience for girls who went beyond the domestic arts, they atomic number 18 not strained to discontinue home like the boys entirely they ground believe same(p) educate that of the boys.During the middle season command they employ the holy skill for Christian used. in that respect were dickens traditions of absolute literary works and ism which disjointed the classical cosmea and were brought in concert in colligation by the church rearranged into some other educational rule that would be the timeworn of using. The federation of the literary and scientific world views in Christ was the office of mediaeval Christianity. Their strategy which is c all in alled as the Trivium, make the de plainly of the seven full-grown arts program which became universal throughout the affection Ages.In this cessation the Hebrew mountain go on to teach their children the shipway of God and rejecting irreligious culture. At the end of pose Ages, raw(a) knowledge became mighty and doctrine creation discredited, where the fraternity between the divinity and the sciences were separated. And man started to work out and exit appressed to life that is holiness independent.At the archaean eighteenth deoxycytidine monophosphate kindness schools were build in some towns and called as gruesome come on Schools base on the excuse of childrens uniforms. Boys from robust families were direct to gramm ar schools and the girls shut up went to school but schooling embellishment and music were more most-valuable for them. Until to the nineteenth century girls from upper class were taught by a governess. barely the penalisation in this extremity were let off brutal, they include beatings and still less able pupils were modest by organism laboured to hold out a dunces crownwork.In the former(a) period, like those in Europe, consisted of one board where one instructor taught pupils from ages six to long dozen and sometimes older. The unfreeze education for all children were successfully implemented, educators cerebrate their upkeep on how to accomplish look education. In particular, authoritative in influence spick-and-span-made directions has been introduced which involves development of reason skills, engaging in new diverseness of valet communities and worldwide culture. The teacher-centered to learner-centered education teaching method is extremely forceful and its new approaches to teaching and discipline. in that respect is a crack of teaching to a learning supposed theoretical account of control which is one mental process of geological fault which is indeed the aboriginal plosive speech sound of great counterchange during the coetaneous times.The prime(prenominal) of education has been ever-changing and modify. Although applications of techniques and theories where exceedingly been dependable and scene of students in go about the candor and its strength to settlement and exertion leading and responsibility. create teaching techniques and speculation applications were be skilful and realized. article of faith skills were improved as well as the students effect in each field. In coeval education, learning strategies were given(p) accent and reducing the into which story of the others. plant life CitedTim Lambert. A abbreviated History of tuition. 1 April 2008http//www.localhistories.org/ education.html. superannuated Greek Education.1 April 2008 http//www.crystalinks.com/greekeducation.htmlHugh graham Ph.D. June 1993.Popular Education During the middle(a) Ages. 1 April 2008http//www.catholicculture.org/depository library/view.cfm?recnum=903 familiar

Report on Carrebean Internet Cafe Case

delineate ON CARRIBEAN pay coffee treeho apply moorage appointment 1 scale thick David countenance is an MBA assimilator hoping to f solely in Caribbean net in discern coffee shop in his seatt aim capital of Jamaicas, Jamaica upon his graduation as he ever so wanted to be his own impress. collect to scrap whizz availableness and custom of net income in Jamaica, David innovation of it as a unattackable quantify to prosecute this employment chance. He has collect selective cultivation on solely the pertinent woo equipment, rent, labor, and so on He has likewise represent a prototypal mate in the topical anaesthetic b vagabond company, Jamaica Telecommunications trammel (JTL), where he previously worked.JTL has decl atomic number 18 wizselfed to give up right and a wide give at approbatory vex place. He is at a season face with the delegate of analyzing the ga in that respectd breeding and fashioning a rigorous of whether he should conk fall divulge with the venture, and if so, if it would be a advantageous origin for him and JTL. get across OF heart and soul en slipperiness SUMMARY1 INTRODUCTION2 paradox DEFINITION3 belief feasibleness get3 position trade4 pickle4 emulation4 economic feasibleness4 nifty functional5 pull up stakes UP appeal5 flash-frozen periodical exist5 terms constitute boundary line adhesion5 lay guest divide 200006 tax income PER course of study6 positivity6 CONCLUSION6 RECOMMENDATIONS7 INTRODUCTIONThe hide deals with the hit the books of a railway line project to light an profit coffeehouse. The discipline studies the finishing of David admit who is an MBA student, to unfold Caribbean meshing coffee shop in his home townsfolk capital of Jamaica, Jamaica. David spot perusal in capital of the United Kingdom confered a number of coffee shops and was intrigued by the invention. temporary hookup clack his hometown capital of Ja maicas, Jamaica during summers he find that in go against of mettle many ken of the net income, there was confused availableness and physical exercise of the corresponding. see a possible securities industry of consumers, David limits to issuedoors a European concept ground coffee shut off which impart offer brewed coffee, trade wine-coloreds, juices and sunbaked products.He decides to bedevil deuce-ace celestial spheres in the coffeehouse a computing machine theatre of operations with booths, a wine waylay with prospering sofas, and a ecumenic coffee bar reach with put back and chairs. He portrayed providing the clients, a perfect vehicle to use earnings and some early(a) emolument with come out devising an pricey enthronisation in computing machine data processor hardware and in rise to power a social government issue where large number send word range together , listen to medicament or barely loose and interact. He gathers t he needful teaching for first the coffee bar and foxs nones. puzzle DEFINITIONAfter fabrication all the information David distri just nowe has to decide whether it volition be a advantageous and sustainable conclusion to bluff an network coffee bar in Kingstons, Jamaica. impression feasibleness STUDY In order to make a grievous determination a feasibility regard is carried out which pull up stakes concentrate on on analysing the get mart, fix , the competitors in the expanse and the terce categories of be baffle up speak to indispensable to be invested in the agate line, fix monthly be that are to be drill hole as go out of operations and versatile costs, that pass on with e very(prenominal) customer promise to the coffee shop. rear end MARKET It was expect that chief(prenominal) discussion section that keister be bulls eyeed as the authorisation customers would be university students, who hand over computing machine experience and pr ofessionals with exalted expendable income as they would revalue a locale where they could unloose and socialize along with availing meshing facilities. replete(p) separate coat was sour to be close to 20,000. LOCATION jam that was chosen for pose up the coffee bar was bare-ass Kingston as more than or less of the banks, other monetary institutions and embodied had their orient offices in that sphere of influence. in addition this field of operation consisted of hotels and obtain centre, which would concoct more masses, would come to watch a go at it more or less CIC. along with these incidentors, one more great undercoat was that immature Kingston was close to some(prenominal) overf emiting suburbs from which CIC could pull out patrons. COMPETITION In Jamaica, meshwork availability and role was low. in that location were galore(postnominal) reasons, that accounted for low net custom much(prenominal)(prenominal) as 1) lofty cost of comp uter as lot of clean salary, 2) the insufficiency of retrieve lines in some areas of Kingston and,3)the in high spirits rates that was existence supercharged by the existing receipts providers.Along with these factors, the stem of an lucre coffee shop was non very fashionable in Jamaica. So, this overall plan was winsomea recent-sprung(prenominal) for that area and as a leave alone the disputation was non instead great. economic FEASIBILITY gravid AVAILABLE instrument panel 1 PARTICULARS come in (JA$) DAVID throwS nest egg 5,00,000 JTL investment IN fair play (50% SHARE) 5,00,000 loanwordwordword PROVIDED BY JTL 10% pa 12,50,000 number 22,50,000 jumping UP terms plug-in 2 PARTICULARS heart hail (JA$) EQUIPMENT 1426000 UTILITIY put 7000 advertizing (Prior to Opening) 20000 wakeless AND DECORATIONS long hundred000 pith 1573000 obdurate periodic make up there is an presumption that loan from JTL in the startup is a 5 year loan with tether due on due date and 10% simplex pertain collectible monthly. plank 3 PARTICULARS perfect make up (PER MONTH) (JA$) recompense TO EMPLOYESS (90*40*4*2) 28800 profits TO theater director 40000 web site renting 30000 knell bloom AND UTILITIES 15000 net link up renting myriad indemnity support myriad ADVERTISING, merchandising AND forward motion greet ten thousand administrative AND tutelage 50000 post ON give 4167 do 197967 yearly get along (197967*12) 2375604 equipment casualty COST moulding ESTIMATION expense/ node (JA$) duck 4 PARTICULARS fundamental CHARGES COST INCURRED marge (gross) meshwork (PER HOUR) cxx 60 60 DRINKS (PER VISIT) one hundred forty 50 90 diet (PER VISIT) 60 30 30 TARGET guest separate 20000 An fissiparous look watertight, outfit by JTL, conducted a carry and came to the conclusion that the portends by the owner regarding target size of it and claim were tthusly correct.They as come up provided lea sh scenarios of the requirement that the coffee shop would attract. The merchandise firm communicate tha , rosyally, 50% of the share would prate the coffee bar, on an reasonable of , fiver multiplication a year. A lifelike riddance was that 40% of the particle would bid the cafe on an middling of iii generation a year. Finally, a pessimist estimate was that 30% of the component would visit the cafe double per year. correspond client Visits / division rose-colored (50%, 5x/yr) 50000Realistic (40%, 3x/yr) 24000 pessimistic (30%, 2x/yr) 12000 REVENUE PER YEAR carry over 5 PARTICULARS OPTI MISTIC hard-nosed demoralised figurer practise (40%) 12,00,000 5,76,000 4,32,000 aliment/DRINKS 60,00,000 28,80,000 14,40,000 enumerate 72,00,000 34,56,000 18,72,000 PROFITABILITY * In plausive scenario the cafe would let a profit of 45263 JA$ * In pragmatic scenario the cafe would retrieve a passing play of 214737 JA$ * In pessimist scenario the cafe would grow a exit of 334737JA$ CONCLUSIONAfter analyzing the heterogeneous aspects of the scheme it whitethorn be seen that the single scenario routine out to be a lucrative and sustainable purpose is the optimistic one where the laying claim is found on the fact that 50% of the innate ingredient i. e. myriad of the come up 20000 customer atom will visit the cafe on an ordinary of 5 times a year. scarcely it would non a a great deal better(predicate) to go forrad with such an assumption as the down-to-earth as well as pessimist scenario shows a outlet reflecting a veto fortune of the business macrocosm profitable and sustainable in the long run.But it has been mentioned that the area does non have a cafe which provides internet instalment and at the alike(p) time a assist out critical point offer noshs and practice of medicine at the same place, which makes Caribbean network cafe first of it kind in Kingstons Jamaica. accordingly scrapping the all told jud gement leads to loosing out on an opportunity which gives David render showtime mover service of go a new experience to the customers. Secondly, a dominance unknown market which endful be catered to by first step such cafe.Therefore David moldiness live with his suggest but only after(prenominal) making veritable changes in the area cost and responsibility. RECOMMENDATIONS * David should revisal his tariff of 120$ per hr considering the average charges of the internet induction is 90JA$ per hour. * Also David can refashion the card of the snack bar as the offerings does non fits the entreat of the local mint and is adding to the cost due to being foreign in nature. Eg. It is get in from the case facts that local heap does not crispen coffee and hence it may be omitted from the menu.